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. 2021 May 10;6(9):e145523. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.145523

Figure 3. BNZ-PSs are more potent than free BNZ against T. cruzi in vitro.

Figure 3

(A) In vitro killing of purified T. cruzi Y strain trypomastigotes by BNZ and BNZ-PS. Trypomastigotes were purified from infected H9C2 cell cultures and tested in a 24-hour resazurin cell viability assay using increasing doses of BNZ or BNZ-PS. Results from 3 independent experiments are expressed as mean ± SEM. (B) PS are readily taken up by T. cruzi–infected H9C2 cells. H9C2 cells were infected with T. cruzi Tulahuen strain trypomastigotes expressing Luc-mNeonGreen (green) for 24 hours and Alexa Fluor 630–labeled PS (yellow) were added and cultures incubated for an additional 24 hours. Cells were imaged after staining with DAPI (blue) and Cell Mask Deep Red Dye (purple) (original magnification, ×1000). (C) BNZ-PSs are significantly more potent against intracellular T. cruzi than free BNZ. Cells were cultured and treated as in B, but with different concentrations of BNZ or BNZ-PS, and imaged after DAPI and Cell Mask staining. The key images for comparison are the left (T. cruzi) BNZ and BNZ-PS panels at each drug concentration (original magnification, ×400).