Table 1.

PICOS criteria for inclusion of studies

Parameter domain	Inclusion criteria
Population	The general population: neonates/infants, children, and adults, regardless of health status
Intervention/exposure	Omega-3 LC-PUFA supplements with or without other nutrients (regardless of formulation [ie, capsule, pills, or syrup]), or diet rich in omega-3 LC-PUFAs
Comparator	Placebo, standardized diet, or no intervention.
Outcome	Objective sleep-related outcomes, including total sleep duration, sleep latency, sleep efficiency, infant active sleep, sleep-wake transition, wakefulness, and quiet sleep, among others Subjective sleep-outcome information, including sleep quality, insomnia severity, sleep disturbance, among others, reported via questionnaire
Study design	Randomized controlled trials, clinical trials that included a control group, or longitudinal studies that investigated the impact of omega-3 LC-PUFA or diet rich in omega-3 LC-PUFA on sleep-related outcomes in humans

Abbreviation: LC-PUFA, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid.