Table 4.
Risk of bias of included randomized controlled trials
| No. | Reference (year) | Risk level |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Random sequence generation | Allocation concealment | Performance bias | Attrition bias | Detection bias | Reporting bias | ||
| 1 | Judge et al (2012)41 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| 2 | Boone et al (2019)46 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| 3 | Hysing et al (2018)50 | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Low |
| 4 | Montgomery et al (2014)18 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| 5 | Yehuda et al (2011)57 | High | High | Low | Low | Unclear | Low |
| 6 | Yehuda et al (2005)19 | High | High | Low | Low | Unclear | Low |
| 7 | Dretsch et al (2014)47 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| 8 | Hansen et al (2014)48 | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | Low |
| 9 | Watanabe et al (2018)55 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| 10 | Doornbos et al (2009)51 | Low | Low | Unclear | Low | Low | Low |
| 11 | Judge et al (2014)49 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| 12 | Cohen et al (2014)44 and Reed et al (2014)45 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |