Table 1.
The distribution of frameworks across studies
| Framework | Name of the framework |
|---|---|
| 1. Studies that used a single existing framework for app evaluation (n = 10) |
MARS (n = 1) APA (n = 2) CRAAP (n = 1) ORCHA-24 (n = 1) SUMI (n = 1) SUS (n = 1) Psychological Component Checklist (n = 1) A synoptic framework (n = 1) The APPLICATION scoring system (n = 1) |
| 2. Studies that self-developed a framework for evaluation (n = 63) |
MARS (n = 1) uMARS (n = 1) The Health IT Usability, Evaluation Model (Health-ITUEM) (n = 1) Expert-Based Utility Evaluation (n = 1) The APPLICATION scoring system (n = 1) App Chronic Disease Checklist (n = 1) Nutrition App Quality Evaluation (AQEL) (n = 1) Enlight (tool for mobile and Web-based eHealth interventions) (n = 1) mHealth Emergency Strategy Index (n = 1) MedAd-AppQ Medication Adherence App Quality assessment tool (n = 1) Digital Health Scorecard (n = 1) Design and Evaluation of Digital Health Intervention Frameworks (n = 1) The mobile Health App Trustworthiness (mHAT) checklist) (n = 1) Ranked health (n = 1) PsyberGuide (n = 1) No particular name (n = 48) |
| 2.1 Frameworks that influenced to develop new framework |
MARS (n = 2) Persuasive system design principles (n = 1) Nielsen Usability Model (n = 1) Technology Acceptance Model (n = 1) |
| 2.2 guidelines that used to develop new framework |
U.S. Public Health Services Clinical Practice Guidelines (n = 1) UK BTS/SIGN, U.S. EPR-3, and international GINA guidelines (n = 1) |
| 3. Studies that used a combination of self-developed and existing frameworks for evaluation (n = 6) |
Brief DISCERN Instrument (n = 1) Silber scale (n = 2) Health-ITUES (n = 2) Tool used by Cruz—tool for measuring the compliance with Android and iOS guidelines (n = 1) Tool for measuring the User QoE by Martines-Perez 2013 (n = 1) Abbott Scale for Interactivity (n = 1) The Health On the Net Code Criteria (n = 1) The Technology Acceptance Model (n = 1) Usability framework of TURF (n = 1) Chinese Guideline for the Management of Hypertension (n = 1) The Anxiety and Depression Association of America (n = 1) PsyberGuide (n = 1) |
| 4. Use of survey tools | Use of an existing or self- developed surveys (n = 10) |
| 5. Not relevant | Review or opinion papers (n = 8) |
APA: American Psychiatric Association; BTS: British Thoracic Society; CRAAP: Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and Purpose; EPR-3: Expert Panel Report 3; GINA: Global Initiative for Asthma; Health-ITUES: Health Information Technology Usability Evaluation Scale; MARS: Mobile App Rating Scale; ORCHA-24: Organisation for the Review of Care and Health Applications–24-Question Assessment; SIGN: Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network; SUMI: Standardized Software Usability Measurement Inventory; SUS: System Usability Scale; TURF: Task, User, Representation and Function;