Table 5.

In vivo findings of baicalein, baicalin, and wogonin on different animal models.

Models	Species	Baicalein		Baicalin		Wogonin		References
		Conc.	Effects	Conc.	Effects	Conc.	Effects
I/R	Rat	0.5 nmol	Effectively protect retinal cells and electrical functions from oxidation and apoptosis; upregulation of HO-1 and downregulation of HIF-1α, VEGF, and MMP-1	12.5 mg/kg	Protect RGCs from retinal ischemia injury and suppress glial cell activity			[123, 128]
DR	Rat; mice	150 mg/kg in rat; 75 mg/kg in mice	Significantly suppressed the inflammatory processes of retinal microglia and Muller cells; enhanced vascular permeability and blood-retina barrier; protect BRB permeability as antioxidant 12/15-LOX inhibitor, anti-inflammation, and antiangiogenesis	150 mg/ml in rat	Protect retinal cells from apoptosis by promoting Bcl-2; perform as an inhibitor of ARA and delay the progression of diabetic retinopathy			[130, 131]