Table 1.

Primers used for the amplification of vacA alleles and cagA.

Region amplified	Primers	Primers sequence	Amplicon size	Ref
vacA s1/vacA s2	VAI-F	5′-ATGGAAATACAACAAACACAC-3′	259/286	Ito et al. [15]
	VAI-R	5′-CTGCTTGAATGCGCCAAAC-3′
vacA m1/vacA m2	VAG-F	5′-CAATCTGTCCAATCAAGCGAG-3′	567/642	Jones et al. [7]
	VAG-R	5′-GCGTCAAAATAATTCCAAGG-3′
cagA	cagA5c-F	5′-GTTGATAACGCTGTCGCTTC-3′	350	Graham and Yamaoka [16]
	cagA3c-R	5′-GGGTTGTATGATATTTTCCATAA-3′