Table 5. Diagnostic performance of CMR to detect cardiac involvement in patients with sarcoidosis.
| Author | Year | Countries | No. | Scanner | CMR protocol | T1/T2 maps | Diagnostic criteria (years) | TP (n) | FP (n) | FN (n) | TN (n) | Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Smedema et al.93) | 2005 | The Netherlands | 88 | 1.5T | Cine, T2WI, LGE | None | JMHW (1993) | 12 | 12 | 2 | 62 | 86 | 84 |
| Smedema et al.94) | 2005 | The Netherlands | 58 | 1.5T | Cine, T2WI, LGE | None | JMHW (1993) | 12 | 10 | 0 | 36 | 100 | 78 |
| Tadamura et al.95) | 2005 | Japan | 10 | 1.5T | Cine, LGE | None | JMHW (1993) | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | - |
| Ichinose et al.96) | 2008 | Japan | 30 | 1.5T | Cine, LGE | None | JMHW (1993) | 10 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 91 | 100 |
| Matoh et al.58) | 2008 | Japan | 12 | 1.5T | Cine, LGE | None | JMHW (1993) | 2 | 3 | 0 | 7 | 100 | 70 |
| Ohira et al.59) | 2008 | Japan | 21 | 1.5T | Cine, LGE, T2WI | None | JMHW (1993) | 6 | 3 | 2 | 10 | 75 | 77 |
| Manins et al.97) | 2009 | Australia | 20 | 1.5T | Cine, LGE, T2WI | None | JMHW (1993) | 8 | 3 | 0 | 9 | 100 | 75 |
| Patel et al.4) | 2009 | USA | 81 | 1.5T | Cine, LGE | None | JMHW (1993) | 8 | 13 | 2 | 58 | 80 | 82 |
| Patel et al.14) | 2011 | USA | 152 | 1.5T | Cine, LGE | None | JMHW (1993) | 14 | 13 | 21 | 102 | 40 | 89 |
| Mc Ardle et al.65) | 2013 | Canada | 13 | NA | LGE | None | Modified JMHW (2006) | 8 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 62 | - |
| Soussan et al.66) | 2013 | France | 35 | 1.5T | Cine, LGE, T2WI | None | JMHW (1993) | 10 | 7 | 0 | 18 | 100 | 72 |
| Watanabe et al.98) | 2013 | Japan | 19 | 1.5T | Cine, LGE | None | Modified JMHW (2006) | 17 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 89 | - |
| Matsumoto et al.99) | 2015 | Japan | 17 | NA | LGE | NA | Modified JMHW (2006) | 7 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 100 | 100 |
| Momose et al.68) | 2015 | Japan | 27 | 1.5T or 3.0T | Cine, LGE | NA | Modified JMHW (2006) | 6 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 100 | - |
| Orii et al.69) | 2015 | Japan | 32 | 1.5T | Cine, LGE, T2WI | None | Modified JMHW (2006) | 32 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | - |
| Simonen et al.70) | 2015 | Finland | 43 | NA | Cine, LGE | None | Own criteria | 33 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 77 | - |
| Tezuka et al.100) | 2015 | Japan | 24 | 1.5T | Cine, LGE, T2WI | None | Modified JMHW (2006) | 15 | 6 | 0 | 3 | 100 | 33 |
| Yokoyama et al.71) | 2015 | Japan | 69 | NA | LGE | None | Modified JMHW (2006) | 24 | 28 | 2 | 15 | 92 | 35 |
| Komada et al.101) | 2016 | Japan | 9 | 1.5T | Cine, LGE | None | JMHW (1993) | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | - |
| Ohira et al.73) | 2016 | Canada, Japan | 30 | 1.5T | Cine, LGE | None | Modified JMHW (2006) | 26 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 87 | - |
| Aikawa et al.102) | 2017 | Japan | 14 | 1.5T or 3.0T | Cine, LGE | None | JSSOG (2015) | 10 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 100 | 25 |
| Kataoka et al.103) | 2017 | Japan | 16 | 1.5T or 3.0T | Cine, LGE | None | Modified JMHW (2006) | 7 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 100 | - |
| Stanton et al.104) | 2017 | Australia | 46 | 1.5T | Cine, LGE, T2WI | None | Modified JMHW (2006) | 2 | 8 | 0 | 36 | 100 | 82 |
| Smedema et al.105) | 2017 | The Netherlands | 40 | 1.5T | Cine, LGE | None | JMHW (1993) | 29 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 97 | 100 |
| Kouranos et al.106) | 2017 | Greece | 321 | 1.5T or 3.0T | Cine, LGE | None | HRS (2014) | 93 | 0 | 3 | 225 | 97 | 100 |
| Yalagudri et al.77) | 2017 | India | 11 | NA | LGE | None | HRS (2014) | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | - |
| Ghanizada et al.107) | 2018 | Denmark | 9 | NA | Cine, LGE, T2WI | None | JMHW (1993) | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | - |
| Muser et al.81) | 2018 | USA | 29 | 1.5T | Cine, LGE | None | HRS (2014) | 26 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 90 | - |
| Vita et al.108) | 2018 | USA | 107 | 3.0T | Cine, LGE | None | HRS (2014) | 51 | 40 | 6 | 10 | 89 | 20 |
| Wicks et al.92) | 2018 | UK | 51 | PET/MR3.0T | Cine, LGE | None | Modified JMHW (2006) | 26 | 6 | 7 | 12 | 79 | 67 |
| Darlington et al.109) | 2019 | Sweden | 42 | 1.5T | Cine, LGE | None | HRS (2014) | 12 | 0 | 0 | 30 | 100 | 100 |
| Divakaran et al.83) | 2019 | USA | 31 | 3.0T | Cine, LGE | None | Explanted heart histology | 1 | 7 | 0 | 23 | 100 | 77 |
| Russo et al.110) | 2019 | Canada | 25 | NA | Cine, LGE | None | HRS (2014) | 10 | 7 | 1 | 7 | 91 | 50 |
| Modified JMHW (2006) | 8 | 7 | 3 | 7 | 73 | 50 | |||||||
| Sgard et al.85) | 2019 | France | 80 | 1.5T | Cine, LGE, T2WI | None | Modified JMHW (2006) | 18 | 16 | 4 | 42 | 82 | 72 |
| HRS (2014) | 34 | 0 | 6 | 40 | 85 | 100 | |||||||
| Zipse et al.87) | 2019 | USA | 104 | NA | LGE | None | HRS (2014) | 36 | 0 | 25 | 43 | 59 | 100 |
| Kawai et al.89) | 2020 | Japan | 52 | NA | LGE | None | JSSOG (2015) | 16 | 16 | 3 | 17 | 84 | 52 |
| HRS (2014) | 9 | 23 | 3 | 17 | 75 | 43 | |||||||
| Miller et al.90) | 2020 | USA | 69 | NA | LGE | None | Modified JMHW (2006) | 8 | 14 | 21 | 26 | 28 | 65 |
| Okune et al.91) | 2020 | Japan | 74 | 1.5T | Cine, LGE | None | JSSOG (2015) | 39 | 24 | 1 | 10 | 98 | 29 |
| Orii et al.111) | 2020 | Japan | 50 | 1.5T | Cine | None | HRS (2014) | 3 | 1 | 5 | 41 | 38 | 98 |
| T2WI | 6 | 2 | 2 | 40 | 75 | 95 | |||||||
| LGE | 8 | 10 | 0 | 32 | 100 | 76 |
CMR = cardiac magnetic resonance imaging; FN = false negative; FP = false-positive; HRS = Heart Rhythm Society; JMHW = Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare; JSSOG = Japanese Society of Sarcoidosis and Other Granulomatous Disorders; LGE = late gadolinium enhancement; MR = magnetic resonance; NA = not available; PET = positron emission tomography; T2WI = T2-weighted imaging; TN = true negative; TP = true positive.