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. 2021 Jul 7;11:14052. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-93467-3

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Differential gene expression and signaling pathways analysis. (a) Venn diagram shows the number of differentially expressed genes in different types of mouse HCC in comparison with normal mouse liver. (b) Canonical signaling pathways that changed in each type of mouse HCC were summarized into functional groups. The heatmap shows averaged z-scores of all pathways within each functional category. A positive z-score indicates activation; a negative z-score indicates suppression. (c) Signaling pathways known to be associated with human HCC also changed in mouse HCC models. Z-scores representing activation (positive) or suppression (negative) of the pathways were shown as a heatmap.