Table 1.
General characteristics and clinical data of cases and controls, n (%) or medians (IQRs).
| Variables | Cases (n = 303) | Controls (n = 303) | χ2 or Z | P-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | 0.000 | 1.00 | ||
| Males | 213 (70.30) | 213 (70.30) | ||
| Females | 90 (29.70) | 90 (29.70) | ||
| Age | 7.611 | 0.02 | ||
| < 40 | 90 (29.70) | 80 (26.40) | ||
| 40–60 | 196 (64.69) | 187 (61.72) | ||
| ≥ 60 | 17 (5.61) | 36 (11.88) | ||
| Educational level | 3.644 | 0.06 | ||
| Junior middle school and less than | 62 (20.46) | 82 (27.06) | ||
| Senior high school and above | 241 (79.54) | 221 (72.94) | ||
| Occupational status | 0.334 | 0.85 | ||
| Mental labour | 69 (22.77) | 69 (22.77) | ||
| Physical labor | 81 (26.73) | 87 (28.71) | ||
| Other | 153 (50.50) | 147 (48.52) | ||
| Income (yuan/month) | 0.489 | 0.78 | ||
| < 2000 | 1 (5.61) | 16 (5.28) | ||
| 2000–3000 | 93 (30.69) | 101 (33.33) | ||
| ≥ 3000 | 193 (63.70) | 186 (61.39) | ||
| Marital status | 0.868 | 0.35 | ||
| Single | 28 (9.24) | 35 (11.55) | ||
| Married or other | 275 (90.76) | 268 (88.45) | ||
| Smoking status | 0.638 | 0.42 | ||
| Never smoker | 208 (68.65) | 217 (71.62) | ||
| Smoker | 95 (31.35) | 86 (28.38) | ||
| Teaing status | 2.009 | 0.16 | ||
| Yes | 194 (64.03) | 177 (58.42) | ||
| No | 109 (35.97) | 126 (41.58) | ||
| Exercise (times/week) | 1.961 | 0.16 | ||
| < 3 | 118 (38.94) | 135 (44.55) | ||
| ≥ 3 | 185 (61.06) | 168 (55.45) | ||
| History of diabetes | 1.568 | 0.21 | ||
| Yes | 26 (8.58) | 18 (5.94) | ||
| No | 277 (91.42) | 285 (94.06) | ||
| History of hypertension | 17.128 | < 0.001 | ||
| Yes | 103 (33.99) | 58 (19.14) | ||
| No | 200 (66.01) | 245 (80.86) | ||
| History of hyperlipidemia | 16.574 | < 0.001 | ||
| Yes | 132 (43.56) | 84 (27.72) | ||
| No | 171 (56.44) | 219 (72.28) | ||
| ALT (IU/L) | 27.00 (21.00,40.00) | 19.00 (14.00,26.00) | − 0.968 | < 0.001 |
| AST (IU/L) | 23.00 (19.00,29.00) | 20.00 (18.00,25.00) | − 5.014 | < 0.001 |
| GGT (IU/L) | 30.00 (22.00,46.00) | 22.00 (16.00,32.00) | − 7.662 | < 0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 5.13 (4.57,5.78) | 4.91 (4.45,5.43) | − 2.643 | 0.01 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.76 (1.26,2.59) | 1.12 (0.86,1.54) | − 10.416 | < 0.001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.19 (1.03,1.37) | 1.35 (1.20,1.48) | − 7.235 | < 0.001 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.12 (2.56,3.77) | 3.01 (2.60,3.51) | − 1.201 | 0.23 |
| CES1 (ng/ml) | 13.25 (10.70,19.14) | 13.13 (10.63,20.88) | − 0.235 | 0.81 |
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; GGT, gamma-glutamyltransferase; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; CES1, carboxylesterase 1.
*P-values were calculated by using the Chi-square test for categorical variables and Mann–Whitney U test for continues variables.