Figure 1.

ASPH is upregulated with disease progression and correlates with worse clinical outcome in breast cancer patients. A. ASPH expression differentiated from normal breast (negative), to DCIS (low), IDC and advanced (moderate to high) breast cancer. DCIS: ductal carcinoma in situ; IDC: invasive ductal carcinoma. B, C. ASPH expression profile in normal adult breast, inflammatory breast disease (acute/chronic mastitis), benign breast tumor (fibrosis/fibroadenoma), and tumors derived from breast cancer patients (N = 228). D. Quantification of ASPH protein expression in representative different stages of breast tumors based on IHC staining scores. E, F. Moderate-high expression of ASPH correlated with more aggressive molecular subtypes (TNBC and HER2 amplified) (P < 0.001) and curtailed OS or PFS (log-rank tests, P < 0.001) of breast cancer patients. Kaplan-Meier method was used to assess differential effects of ASPH expression levels on median survival time. TNBC: triple-negative/basal-like.