Fig. 4. Carnosine and kynurenic acid do not have direct effects on Aβ42 aggregation.

Kinetic profiles of the aggregation of a 2 μM Aβ42 sample in the absence (black) and the presence of increasing concentrations of carnosine or kynurenic acid (represented in different colors). The aggregation process of Aβ42 is not significantly accelerated or retarded by the presence of either of the metabolites (higher concentrations of the metabolites 20, 50, 100, and 500 μM are shown in Supplementary Fig. 3). Error bars are expressed as the standard deviations from three technical replicates.