Table 4.

Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for depression, anxiety, and psychological distress across quartiles of energy-adjusted dietary fiber intake in men (n = 1,403)^a.

	Quartiles of energy-adjusted dietary fiber intake
	(n = 406) (<19 g/day)	(n = 376)(19–22.1 g/day)	(n = 327) (22.2–25.6 g/day)	(n = 294)(>25.6 g/day)	ptrend
Depression
Crude	1.00	0.93 (0.67–1.28)	0.76 (0.53–1.08)	0.77 (0.54–1.04)	0.08
Model 1	1.00	1.04 (0.72–1.50)	0.78 (0.53–1.16)	0.81 (0.54–1.20)	0.16
Model 2	1.00	1.05 (0.72–1.54)	0.77 (0.52–1.16)	0.85 (0.56–1.27)	0.22
Model 3	1.00	1.23 (0.83–1.81)	0.98 (0.64–1.51)	1.23 (0.77–1.95)	0.61
Model 4	1.00	1.38 (0.92–2.06)	1.08 (0.69–1.69)	1.35 (0.83–2.20)	0.39
Anxiety
Crude	1.00	0.84 (0.54–1.29)	0.70 (0.44–1.11)	0.65 (0.39–1.06)	0.05
Model 1	1.00	0.74 (0.45–1.22)	0.66 (0.39–1.11)	0.67 (0.39–1.14)	0.10
Model 2	1.00	0.75 (0.45–1.26)	0.70 (0.40–1.21)	0.98 (0.96–1.01)	0.14
Model 3	1.00	0.88 (0.56–1.50)	0.84 (0.47–1.52)	0.98 (0.52–1.83)	0.85
Model 4	1.00	1.00 (0.58–1.74)	0.98 (0.54–1.79)	1.09 (0.56–2.11)	0.85
Psychological distress
Crude	1.00	0.93 (0.66–1.31)	0.75 (0.57–1.09)	0.76 (0.52–1.12)	0.09
Model 1	1.00	1.04 (0.71–1.52)	0.74 (0.49–1.11)	0.67 (0.43–1.02)	0.03
Model 2	1.00	1.04 (0.70–1.54)	0.72 (0.47–1.10)	0.69 (0.45–1.07)	0.04
Model 3	1.00	1.12 (0.75–1.68)	0.80 (0.51–1.27)	0.83 (0.50–1.36)	0.27
Model 4	1.00	1.26 (0.80–1.84)	0.92 (0.58–1.47)	0.78 (0.46–1.33)	0.29

^aModel 1: Adjusted for age and energy intake.

Model 2: Further adjustment for physical activity, smoking, marital status, socioeconomic status, diabetes, and use of antidepressant medications and dietary supplements.

Model 3: Additional controlling for dietary intakes of fat, n-3 fatty acids, vitamin B group, and total antioxidants.

Model 4: Further adjusted for body mass index (BMI).