Table 5.

Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for depression, anxiety, and high psychological distress across quartiles of energy-adjusted dietary fiber intake in women (n = 1,959)^a.

	Quartiles of energy-adjusted dietary fiber intake
	(n = 434) (<19 g/day)	(n = 465)(19–22.1 g/day)	(n = 514) (22.2–25.6 g/day)	(n = 546)(>25.6 g/day)	ptrend
Depression
Crude	1.00	0.65 (0.49–0.85)	0.70 (0.54–0.91)	0.59 (0.45–0.77)	0.001
Model 1	1.00	0.63 (0.47–0.83)	0.71 (0.54–0.93)	0.57 (0.43–0.75)	<0.001
Model 2	1.00	0.62 (0.46–0.82)	0.70 (0.53–0.93)	0.54 (0.41–0.72)	<0.001
Model 3	1.00	0.63 (0.47–0.85)	0.76 (0.56–1.02)	0.63 (0.46–0.88)	0.03
Model 4	1.00	0.61 (0.45–0.83)	0.74 (0.55–1.00)	0.63 (0.45–0.88)	0.03
Anxiety
Crude	1.00	0.63 (0.45–0.88)	0.81 (0.59–1.10)	0.65 (0.47–0.89)	0.04
Model 1	1.00	0.61 (0.43–0.86)	0.80 (0.58–1.11)	0.61 (0.44–0.86)	0.03
Model 2	1.00	0.60 (0.42–0.86)	0.80 (0.57–1.12)	0.59 (0.42–0.83)	0.02
Model 3	1.00	0.57 (0.40–0.82)	0.77 (0.54–1.09)	0.56 (0.37–0.83)	0.03
Model 4	1.00	0.58 (0.40–0.84)	0.82 (0.57–1.19)	0.56 (0.37–0.85)	0.05
Psychological distress
Crude	1.00	0.63 (0.48–0.84)	0.68 (0.52–0.89)	0.60 (0.57–0.89)	0.002
Model 1	1.00	0.64 (0.48–0.87)	0.75 (0.56–1.00)	0.63 (0.47–0.84)	0.009
Model 2	1.00	0.63 (0.47–0.86)	0.74 (0.55–1.00)	0.61 (0.46–0.82)	0.006
Model 3	1.00	0.63 (0.46–0.85)	0.75 (0.55–1.02)	0.64 (0.46–0.90)	0.04
Model 4	1.00	0.65 (0.47–0.89)	0.80(0.58–1.11)	0.70 (0.47–0.95)	0.09

^aModel 1: Adjusted for age and energy intake.

Model 2: Further adjustment for physical activity, smoking, marital status, socioeconomic status, diabetes, and use of antidepressant medications and dietary supplements.

Model 3: Additional controlling for dietary intakes of fat, n-3 fatty acids, vitamin B group, and total antioxidants.

Model 4: Further adjusted for body mass index (BMI).