TABLE 1.
List of macrophage immunophenotype markers utilised for in vivo and in vitro research.
| Immunophenotype | Species | Cell type |
| Macrophage markers | ||
| CD163+CD206+ | Human/Murine | M2-like Mφ |
| CD11b+Ly6G–MHCII–Ly6C– | Murine | AAM (M2-like Mφ)—BM |
| Ly6C–CD206– | Murine | M2-like Mφ |
| CD3–GR1lowMCSFRintF4/80hiSSClow | Murine | BM and spleen LAM populations |
| CD11b–F4/80+CD169+VCAM1+ | Murine | BM-resident Mφ/Erythroblastic island Mφ |
| CD169+/SIGLEC1+ | Human/Murine | BM-resident Mφ |
| CCR2+CD14++CD16– | Human | Monocyte/TAM precursor |
| CD11b+Ly6ClowMHCIIlow | Murine | M2-like Mφ—spleen |
| CD11b+Gr1–F4/80+ | Murine | TAM |
| Additional commonly used markers | ||
| Ly6C+CD206– | Murine | M1-like Mφ |
| CD11bhighGR1int | Murine | Non-malignant BM Mφ |
| CD80+ | Human/Murine | M1-like Mφ |
| CD86+ | Human/Murine | M1-like Mφ |
| ARG1 | Murine | AAM |
| CHI3L1, YM1 | Human, murine | Alternatively activated (M2) myeloid cell |
| TIE2+ | Human/Murine | M2-like Mφ In close proximity to vasculature—Highly angiogenic activity |
| CD68+ | Human/Murine | Pan-Mφ marker, CD68+CD163+ immunophenotype for detecting M2-skewing |
AAM, alternatively activated macrophage; ARG1, arginase-1; BM, bone marrow; CHI3L1 (YM1), chitinase-3-like protein 1; LAM, leukaemia-associated macrophage; Mφ, macrophage; TAM, tumour-associated macrophage.