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. 2021 Jun 24;15:689188. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.689188

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Copyright © 2021 Wu, Peng, Zhou, Zhang, Cao, Lin, Lu, Wen and Wang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Anesthesia and operation-induced PND in aged mice. (A) Total distance of aged mice in open field test. (B) Time spent in the central area of aged mice in open field test. (C) Performance of aged mice in context test. (D) Performance of aged mice in tone test. (E) Performance of aged mice in Barnes maze training phase. (F) Performance of aged mice in Barnes maze test phase. The data are presented as mean ± S.D (n = 10). **P < 0.01 compared with the CON group; ****P < 0.001 compared with the CON group, ^#P < 0.05 compared with the corresponding data in the first trial on day 1.