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. 2021 Jun 24;9:698661. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.698661

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Copyright © 2021 Nandakumar, Rozich and Buttitta.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Is cell cycle re-entry both neuroprotective and neurodegenerative? (A) Neurons may enter the cell cycle and increase nuclear DNA content in response to tissue damage. This polyploid state may be neuroprotective, while further progression in the cell cycle into mitosis or sustained cell cycle re-entry may lead to axonal fragmentation and neurodegeneration. (B) We forced sustained cell cycle re-entry in postmitotic PDF neurons of the Drosophila brain and found this led to axonal fragmentation (white arrows) and degeneration of these neurons in the adult brain, abrogating circadian rhythm regulation. Data from Grushko and Buttitta (2015).