Table 2.
DiSanto et al. (16), de saint basile et al. (17) | Belaid et al. | |
---|---|---|
Patient (age, ethnicity) | 5 1/2-year-old Portuguese male | 7-year-old Algerian male |
Consanguinity | No | No |
Medical history | protracted diarrhea, otitis media | Persistent eczema, recurrent infections, cutaneous leishmaniasis |
Family history | 3 maternal uncles and 2 older brothers died of bronchopneumonitis with bronchiectasis, skin infections, protracted diarrhea, and failure to thrive | 2 maternal uncles died of recurrent infections with bronchiectasis. |
Onset | 9-month-old | 4-year-old |
Immunological findings | ||
Thymic shadow | extreme thymic atrophy with rare Hassal’s corpuscles | n.a |
Blood count | Normal | Normal |
Immunophenotype | Tlow, B+, NK+ | T+, B+, NK+ |
γδ T cells | Normal | Normal |
Microbiological examination | Poliovirus, Bordetella pertussis | leishmania infantum |
Extended immunophenotyping | T cells skewed to the memory phenotype | T cells skewed to the memory phenotype, profound decreased of naïve T cells, normal distribution of B cells, reduced Th1. |
Immunoglobulin levels | Normal with elevated IgE levels | Hypergammaglobulinemia with extremely high IgE levels. |
TCR-Vβ repertoire | limited TCRβ heterogeneity and diminished functional activity | n.a |
Lymphocyte proliferation | Reduced | Reduced |
IL2RG expression | n.a | Severely reduced (by FCM) |
IL21/STAT3 phosphorylation | n.a | n.a |
IL2 &IL7/STAT5 phosphorylation | n.a | Partially defective |
IL4/STAT6 phosphorylation | n.a | Partially defective |
TRECs | n.a | n.a |
n.a, not assessed; FCM, flow cytometry; TRECs, T-cell receptor excision circles.
Both Disanto et al, and de Saint Basile et al. had reported the same case.