Table 2.
Distribution of risk factors (proportions) as a function of PE, either alone or in combination with NPD across T0, T1, T2 and T3 repeated observations (6123 individuals yielding 19 115 observations)
| Binary exposure | No PE (n = 18 476) (proportion) | PE-only (n = 462) (proportion) | PE + NPD (n = 177) (proportion) | Total (n = 19 115) (proportion) | Total exposed (n) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Young age group | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.18 | 0.16 | 3045 |
| Female sex | 0.54 | 0.60 | 0.66 | 0.55 | 10 458 |
| Perceived status gap | 0.18 | 0.27 | 0.53 | 0.18 | 3487 |
| Low social functioning | 0.32 | 0.42 | 0.77 | 0.33 | 6217 |
| Any care | 0.11 | 0.15 | 0.64 | 0.12 | 2233 |
| Mental health care | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.42 | 0.06 | 1193 |
| Antipsychotic use | 0 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.004 | 74 |
| Cannabis use | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 348 |
| Childhood adversity | 0.18 | 0.26 | 0.49 | 0.18 | 3487 |
| Life events | 0.47 | 0.55 | 0.67 | 0.47 | 8980 |
| Ethnic minority | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.16 | 0.07 | 1363 |
| Hearing impairment | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 549 |
| Urbanicity <16 years | 0.39 | 0.33 | 0.50 | 0.39 | 7377 |
| Family history | 0.58 | 0.72 | 0.92 | 0.59 | 11 217 |
| PRS75 | 0.25 | 0.22 | 0.42 | 0.25 | 2331 |
| JTC bias | 0.51 | 0.54 | 0.61 | 0.51 | 8481 |
| Altered digit symbol | 0.28 | 0.39 | 0.50 | 0.29 | 4144 |
Young age group: aged 18–35 years; Perceived status gap: difference between actual and desired social position; Low social functioning: SF36 social functioning 75th percentile cut-off; Any care: any informal, medical or mental health care for mental problems or addiction; Cannabis use: once per week or more in the period of most frequent use; Childhood adversity: 80th percentile cut-off continuous adversity score before age 16 years; Life events: at least one life event in the last year; Minority: Moroccan, Turkish, Surinamese, Antillean, Indonesian or other non-western ethnic group; Hearing impairment: T0 deafness or serious hearing impairment in the past 12 months; Urbanicity: 2 highest levels of 5-level urbanicity classification before age 16 years; Family history: family history mental disorder; PRS75: schizophrenia polygenic risk score 75th percentile cut-off; JTC: beads task decision 2 or less beads; Altered digit symbol: cut-off 75th percentile continuous score.