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. 2021 Jul 8;86(7):800–817. doi: 10.1134/S0006297921070026

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open access.This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2. — S protein structure. a) Virion with S protein spikes; b) homotrimeric spike anchored in the virion membrane; c) 3D-structure of the spike closed conformation (cryo-EM data, PDB ID 6VXX [12]); d) S protein monomer with indicated functional domains and proteolytic activation sites. S1 and S2, S protein subunits; S1/S2, furin cleavage site; SP, signaling peptide; NTD, N-terminal domain; RBD, receptor-binding domain; FP, fusion peptide; IFP, inner fusion peptide emerging after the S2 subunit cleavage at the S2′ site [36]; HR1 and HR2 (heptad repeats 1 and 2), specialized repeats in the amino acid sequence; TM, transmembrane domain; CT, cytoplasmic domain. The image was created using the BioRender.com pattern.