Table 3.

Pharmacist willingness to engage in harm reduction services for specified populations

	Urban (n = 232)	Rural (n = 68)	Urban/rural p-value
	% (n)	% (n)
Willingness to sell non-prescription syringes to:a
Patients with diabetes
Willing	81.5 (189)	82.4 (56)	0.66
Not willing	2.2 (5)	2.9 (2)
Suspected persons who inject drugs
Willing	51.7 (120)	41.2 (28)	0.07
Not willing	31.9 (74)	44.1 (30)
Persons who inject drugs who have a referral to purchase syringes
Willing	61.6 (143)	51.2 (35)	0.049
Not willing	22.0 (51)	33.8 (23)
Willingness to dispense naloxone to:b
Patient with naloxone co-prescription from physician
Willing	99.6 (224)	94.1 (64)	1.00
Not willing	1.3 (3)	1.5 (1)
Suspected persons who inject drugs
Willing	84.1 (195)	79.4 (54)	0.57
Not willing	13.8 (32)	16.2 (11)
Third parties of individuals who may be at increased risk of opioid overdose
Willing	90.1 (209)	85.3 (58)	0.47
Not willing	7.8 (18)	10.3 (7)
Patient with an opioid prescription
Willing	93.5 (217)	89.7 (61)	0.52
Not willing	4.3 (10)	5.9 (4)

^aWillingness to sell non-prescription syringes was missing for 16.4% (n = 38) of urban pharmacists and 14.7% (n = 10) rural pharmacists

^bWillingness to dispense naloxone was missing for 2.2% (n = 5) urban pharmacists and 4.4% (n = 3) rural pharmacists