Table 4.
Comparisons and statistical analysis of the number of complications with the different cannulation techniques
| n = 1328 | No of complic. /1000 AVF days | 95% CI | No of complic /1000 AVF days | 95% CI | IRR | 95% CI | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BHs | BHb | ||||||
| Stenosis | 0.61 | 0.55 to 0.68 | 0.38 | 0.32 to 0.46 | 1.59 | 1.29 to 1.97 | < 0.001 |
| Thrombosis | 0.12 | 0.09 to 0.15 | 0.10 | 0.07 to 0.14 | 1.13 | 0.73 to 1.77 | 0.58 |
| Infection | 0.06 | 0.04 to 0.09 | 0.04 | 0.02 to 0.07 | 1.55 | 0.79 to 3.21 | 0.18 |
| Bleeding | 0.05 | 0.04 to 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.01 to 0.04 | 2.60 | 1.12 to 7.03 | 0.02 |
| Infiltration | 0.04 | 0.02 to 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.001 to 0.02 | 5.96 | 1.44 to 52.81 | 0.01 |
| Other | 0.48 | 0.42 to 0.54 | 0.36 | 0.3 to 0.43 | 1.35 | 1.08 to 1.69 | 0.01 |
| Cannulation difficulty | 0.18 | 0.14 to 0.22 | 0.07 | 0.04 to 0.1 | 2.57 | 1.61 to 4.24 | < 0.001 |
| Aneurysm | 0.03 | 0.02 to 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.02 to 0.07 | 0.82 | 0.38 to 1.84 | 0.59 |
| BHs | RL | ||||||
| Stenosis | 0.61 | 0.55 to 0.68 | 1.14 | 0.95 to 1.37 | 0.53 | 0.43 to 0.66 | < 0.001 |
| Thrombosis | 0.12 | 0.09 to 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.09 to 0.25 | 0.75 | 0.43 to 1.39 | 0.30 |
| Infection | 0.06 | 0.04 to 0.09 | 0.06 | 0.02 to 0.13 | 1.05 | 0.43 to 3.06 | 0.92 |
| Bleeding | 0.05 | 0.04 to 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.002 to 0.07 | 2.84 | 0.72 to 24.60 | 0.13 |
| Infiltration | 0.04 | 0.02 to 0.06 | 0.22 | 0.14 to 0.33 | 0.16 | 0.08 to 0.31 | < 0.001 |
| Other | 0.48 | 0.42 to 0.54 | 0.56 | 0.42 to 0.72 | 0.86 | 0.65 to 1.17 | 0.31 |
| Cannulation difficulty | 0.18 | 0.14 to 0.22 | 0.26 | 0.17 to 0.38 | 0.68 | 0.44 to 1.09 | 0.08 |
| Aneurysm | 0.03 | 0.02 to 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.03 to 0.15 | 0.42 | 0.17 to 1.12 | 0.04 |
| BHs | AP | ||||||
| Stenosis | 0.61 | 0.55 to 0.68 | 0.48 | 0.24 to 0.85 | 1.29 | 0.71 to 2.60 | 0.41 |
| Thrombosis | 0.12 | 0.09 to 0.15 | 0.17 | 0.05 to 0.44 | 0.66 | 0.25 to 2.52 | 0.42 |
| Infection | 0.06 | 0.04 to 0.09 | 0 | 0 to 0.2 | – | – | 0.24 |
| Bleeding | 0.05 | 0.04 to 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.01 to 0.31 | 0.63 | 0.16 to 5.46 | 0.53 |
| Infiltration | 0.04 | 0.02 to 0.06 | 0.35 | 0.15 to 0.68 | 0.10 | 0.04to 0.27 | < 0.001 |
| Other | 0.48 | 0.42 to 0.54 | 0.48 | 0.24 to 0.85 | 1.01 | 0.55 to 2.05 | 0.98 |
| Cannulation difficulty | 0.18 | 0.14 to 0.22 | 0.56 | 0.3 to 0.96 | 0.31 | 0.18 to 0.61 | < 0.001 |
| Aneurysm | 0.03 | 0.02 to 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.001 to 0.24 | 0.74 | 0.12 to 30.94 | 0.77 |
| BHb | RL | ||||||
| Stenosis | 0.38 | 0.32 to 0.46 | 1.14 | 0.95 to 1.37 | 0.34 | 0.26 to 0.44 | < 0.001 |
| Thrombosis | 0.10 | 0.07 to 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.09 to 0.25 | 0.66 | 0.36 to 1.29 | 0.17 |
| Infection | 0.04 | 0.02 to 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.02 to 0.13 | 0.68 | 0.24 to 2.17 | 0.43 |
| Bleeding | 0.02 | 0.01 to 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.002 to 0.07 | 1.09 | 0.21 to 10.79 | 0.91 |
| Infiltration | 0.01 | 0.001 to 0.02 | 0.22 | 0.14 to 0.33 | 0.03 | 0.003 to 0.11 | < 0.001 |
| Other | 0.36 | 0.3 to 0.43 | 0.56 | 0.42 to 0.72 | 0.64 | 0.46 to 0.89 | 0.01 |
| Cannulation difficulty | 0.07 | 0.04 to 0.1 | 0.26 | 0.17 to 0.38 | 0.27 | 0.15 to 0.48 | < 0.001 |
| Aneurysm | 0.04 | 0.02 to 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.03 to 0.15 | 0.51 | 0.20 to 1.41 | 0.12 |
| AP | BHb | ||||||
| Stenosis | 0.48 | 0.24 to 0.85 | 0.38 | 0.32 to 0.46 | 1.24 | 0.60 to 2.29 | 0.49 |
| Thrombosis | 0.17 | 0.05 to 0.44 | 0.10 | 0.07 to 0.14 | 1.70 | 0.44 to 4.75 | 0.31 |
| Infection | 0 | 0 to 0.2 | 0.04 | 0.02 to 0.07 | 0.00 | 0.00 to 4.73 | 0.34 |
| Bleeding | 0.09 | 0.01 to 0.31 | 0.02 | 0.01 to 0.04 | 4.12 | 0.42 to 21.63 | 0.06 |
| Infiltration | 0.35 | 0.15 to 0.68 | 0.01 | 0.001 to 0.02 | 57.66 | 11.51 to 557.34 | < 0.001 |
| Other | 0.48 | 0.24 to 0.85 | 0.36 | 0.3 to 0.43 | 1.33 | 0.65 to 2.47 | 0.36 |
| Cannulation difficulty | 0.56 | 0.3 to 0.96 | 0.07 | 0.04 to 0.1 | 8.15 | 3.79 to 16.77 | < 0.001 |
| Aneurysm | 0.04 | 0.001 to 0.24 | 0.04 | 0.02 to 0.07 | 1.11 | 0.03 to 7.38 | 0.92 |
| AP | RL | ||||||
| Stenosis | 0.48 | 0.24 to 0.85 | 1.14 | 0.95 to 1.37 | 0.42 | 0.20 to 0.77 | 0.004 |
| Thrombosis | 0.17 | 0.05 to 0.44 | 0.15 | 0.09 to 0.25 | 1.13 | 0.27 to 3.49 | 0.83 |
| Infection | 0 | 0 to 0.2 | 0.06 | 0.02 to 0.13 | 0.00 | 0.00 to 3.83 | 0.25 |
| Bleeding | 0.09 | 0.01 to 0.31 | 0.02 | 0.002 to 0.07 | 4.50 | 0.33 to 62.14 | 0.10 |
| Infiltration | 0.35 | 0.15 to 0.68 | 0.22 | 0.14 to 0.33 | 1.57 | 0.61 to 3.63 | 0.27 |
| Other | 0.48 | 0.24 to 0.85 | 0.56 | 0.42 to 0.72 | 0.85 | 0.40 to 1.64 | 0.63 |
| Cannulation difficulty | 0.56 | 0.3 to 0.96 | 0.26 | 0.17 to 0.38 | 2.17 | 1.03 to 4.35 | 0.02 |
| Aneurysm | 0.04 | 0.001 to 0.24 | 0.08 | 0.03 to 0.15 | 0.56 | 0.01 to 4.20 | 0.58 |
As the significance level is adjusted only p-values < 0.008 are bold. Abbreviation: CI Confidence interval, IRR Incidence risk ratio, CI Confidence interval, IRR Incidence risk ratio, BHs Buttonhole sharp, BHb Buttonhole blunt, RL Rope ladder, AP Area puncture