a, Representative flow cytometry staining and gating scheme for human HSPCs targeted at HBA1 with HBB-T2A-YFP (HBA1 UTRs) and differentiated into RBCs. This indicates that only RBCs (CD34−/CD45−/CD71+/GPA+) are able to express the promoterless YFP marker. Analysis was performed on BD FACS Aria II platform. b, Representative flow cytometry images of RBCs (CD34−/CD45−/CD71+/GPA+) derived from HSPCs targeted with HBA1 UTRs, HBA2 UTRs, and HBB UTRs vector. AAV only controls were used for each vector to establish gating scheme, leading to slight variation in positive/negative cut-offs across images.