TABLE 3.
Patient Outcomes, N = 118
| Sedation days, median (Q1–Q3) | |
| Total | 26 (21–36) |
| Pre-tracheostomy | 18 (14–22) |
| Post-tracheostomy | 7 (3–13) |
| Ventilator weaned, N (%) | 78 (66.1%) |
| Total ventilator days for patients weaned, median (Q1–Q3) (n = 78) | 36 (30–41) |
| Days from tracheostomy to ventilator weaning, median (Q1–Q3) (n = 78) | 12 (6–20) |
| ECMO cohort, N = 30 | |
| ECMO weaned, N (% total on ECMO) | 25 (83.3%) |
| Days from intubation to ECMO weaning, median (Q1–Q3), days (n = 25) | 26 (23–31) |
| Days from tracheostomy to ECMO weaning, median (Q1–Q3), days (n = 25) | 5 (3–8) |
| Post tracheostomy care | |
| Tracheostomy decannulated, N (%) | 40 (33.9%) |
| Days from tracheostomy to decannulation, median (Q1–Q3) (n = 40) | 23.5 (19.5–46.5) |
| Tracheostomy tube changed, N (%) | 65 (55.1%) |
| Days from tracheostomy to tube change, median (Q1–Q3) (n = 65) | 20 (14–27.5) |
| Ventilator-associated pneumonia, N (%) | 75 (63.6%) |
| Ventilator associated pneumonia organisms, N (%) (n = 118) | |
| Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus | 17 (14.4%) |
| Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus | 10 (8.5%) |
| Stenotrophomonas | 3 (2.5%) |
| Gram-negative bacilli | 47 (39.8%) |
| Pseudomonas | 15 (12.7%) |
| Klebsiella | 11 (9.3%) |
| Escherichia coli | 10 (8.5%) |
| Enterobacter | 10 (8.5%) |
| Serratia | 6 (5.1%) |
| Proteus | 3 (2.5%) |
| Citrobacter | 3 (2.5%) |
| Acinetobacter | 1 (0.8%) |
| Burkholderia | 1 (0.8%) |
| Length of stay and survival outcome metrics | |
| Patients discharged from ICU, N (%) | 98 (83.8%) |
| ICU LOS, median (Q1–Q3), days (n = 98) | 35.5 (28–46) |
| Patients discharged from hospital, N (%) | 100 (84.7%) |
| Hospital LOS, median (Q1–Q3), days (n = 100) | 49 (37–61) |
| In-hospital mortality, N (%) | 18 (15.3%) |
| Complications of tracheostomy, N (%) | |
| Total patients with complications | 18 (15.3%) |
| Bleeding∗ | 10 (8.5%) |
| Pneumothorax | 2 (1.7%) |
| Dislodgement | 3 (2.5%) |
| Cellulitis | 2 (1.7%) |
| Air-leak requiring tube change | 3 (2.5%) |
| Tube breakage | 1 (0.8%) |
| Site Ulcer | 1 (0.8%) |
∗
Bleeding defined as bleeding at the tracheostomy site requiring local hemostatic measures and cessation of anticoagulation.
ECMO indicates extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; ICU, intensive care unit; LOS, length of stay.