Table 4.

The treatment effects of Mesalazine and UDCA+Mesalazine on intestinal microflora in patients with UC

		Patients with UC		P
		Mesalazine (n=20)	UDCA+Mesalazine (n=20)
Bacteroidetes	Baseline	57.9 (52.0, 63.3)	56.7 (52.7, 68.4)	0.779
	Post treatment 1 week	44.9 (25.4, 54.9)	55.2 (47.7, 60.3)	0.040
	Post treatment 4 weeks	22.0 (12.6, 39.0) ab	40.8 (31.2, 49.0) ab	0.013
Firmicutes	Baseline	21.3 (17.2, 33.7)	40.3 (22.2, 62.0)	0.026
	Post treatment 1 week	26.2 (18.7, 35.7)	39.7 (25.8, 46.7)	0.055
	Post treatment 4 weeks	28.7 (22.7, 47.8)	61.0 (43.6, 72.3) ab	<0.001*
Proteobacteria	Baseline	45.0 (21.9, 60.9)	18.4 (11.6, 30.5)	0.005
	Post treatment 1 week	31.6 (21.8, 44.7) a	3.9 (2.6, 9.3) a	<0.001*
	Post treatment 4 weeks	17.3 (11.6, 22.7) ab	3.7 (2.5, 5.1) a	<0.001*
Fusobacteria	Baseline	0.57 (0.00, 2.77)	1.01 (0.08, 1.98)	0.472
	Post treatment 1 week	0.03 (0.01, 0.12) a	0.04 (0.01, 0.11) a	0.752
	Post treatment 4 weeks	0.01 (0.00, 0.05) a	0.01 (0.00, 0.02) a	0.638
Actinobacteria	Baseline	0.45 (0.21, 1.43)	0.38 (0.22, 0.83)	0.351
	Post treatment 1 week	0.53 (0.17, 1.05)	1.63 (0.68, 2.87) a	0.004*
	Post treatment 4 weeks	0.53 (0.24, 1.13)	0.82 (0.17, 1.43)	0.516
Bacteroides	Baseline	27.42 (4.04, 50.05)	34.69 (5.25, 52.99)	0.465
	Post treatment 1 week	4.16 (1.35, 15.22) a	5.27 (2.01, 7.01) a	0.931
	Post treatment 4 weeks	28.73 (4.31, 41.94) b	6.22 (4.05, 22.88) a	0.250
Escherichia-Shigella	Baseline	10.17 (4.43, 31.36)	10.87 (0.72, 32.28)	0.952
	Post treatment 1 week	6.94 (1.79, 30.49)	2.62 (0.56, 9.66) a	0.104
	Post treatment 4 weeks	4.09 (2.09, 8.96) ab	1.06 (0.15, 4.85)	0.032
F. prausnitzii	Baseline	0.82 (0.01, 3.15)	1.10 (0.01, 3.35)	0.856
	Post treatment 1 week	2.12 (0.88, 3.75)	3.49 (2.15, 5.63) a	0.052
	Post treatment 4 weeks	3.96 (1.41, 4.84) ab	3.25 (2.13, 4.02) a	0.654
Prevotella_9	Baseline	0.29 (0.00, 4.37)	0.03 (0.00, 0.85)	0.406
	Post treatment 1 week	0.09 (0.00, 0.75)	0.02 (0.00, 0.14)	0.231
	Post treatment 4 weeks	2.19 (0.76, 4.69) b	0.01 (0.00, 0.36)	<0.001*
Roseburia	Baseline	0.01 (0.00, 0.24)	0.17 (0.00, 1.53)	0.046
	Post treatment 1 week	0.19 (0.05, 0.73)	0.00 (0.00, 0.11) a	<0.001*
	Post treatment 4 weeks	0.11 (0.02, 0.27)	0.00 (0.00, 0.02) a	<0.001*
Data are presented by medians and IQR.

* Because of Bonferroni correction, P<0.0045 (0.05/11) indicates a significant difference between the two treatment groups. aIndicates a significant change compared to baseline level within group. b Indicates a significant change compared to post-treatment 1 week within group