Table 1. Sociodemographic characteristics and background information of the study sample.
| Young adults (n = 26) | Older adults (n = 92) | d [95%-CI] | |
| M (SD) | M (SD) | ||
| Age (years)a | 23.35 (4.47) | 67.99 (4.61) | 9.74 [8.41; 11.08] |
| Education (years) | 18.98 (1.91) | 18.13 (2.67) | -0.34 [-0.79; 0.11] |
| MoCA | 28.96 (1.48) | 27.73 (1.77) | -0.72 [-1.17; 0.27] |
| PPVT-III-NL | 111.19 (8.00) | 109.35 (8.73) | -0.22 [-0.66; 0.23] |
| BSI-18 Global Severity Index | 5.73 (4.34) | 3.79 (4.90) | -0.40 [-0.85; 0.04] |
| Depression | 1.62 (1.63) | 0.82 (1.65) | -0.49 [-0.93; -0.04] |
| Anxiety | 2.50 (2.21) | 1.71 (2.63) | -0.31 [-0.75; 0.13] |
| Somatization | 1.62 (2.40) | 1.27 (1.85) | -0.17 [-0.61; 0.27] |
| MBQb Total | 8.32 (1.24) | 8.30 (1.31) | - |
| Work / Household | 2.16 (0.53) | 1.93 (0.35) | - |
| Sport | 3.13 (0.73) | 3.15 (0.67) | - |
| Leisure | 3.03 (0.59) | 3.21 (0.64) | - |
| IPAQ Total | 4218.94 (3703.67) | 5210.64 (4513.12) | 0.23 [-0.21; 0.67] |
| Work | 935.10 (2009.01) | 772.85 (2643.13) | -0.06 [-0.50; 0.38] |
| Transport | 1401.98 (1146.70) | 1193.84 (1259.55) | -0.17 [-0.61; 0.27] |
| House | 481.92 (1009.80) | 1886.90 (2397.35) | 0.65 [0.20; 1.09] |
| Leisure | 1399.94 (1556.30) | 1357.04 (1683.82) | -0.03 [-0.47; 0.41] |
| Sitting | 2905.20 (1183.25) | 2232.81 (1046.47) | -0.62 [-1.08; -0.16] |
| RAND-36 | |||
| Physical Functioning | 98.46 (3.68) | 87.39 (13.27) | -0.93 [-1.39; -0.48] |
| Social Functioning | 91.35 (13.59) | 93.61 (13.17) | 0.17 [-0.27; 0.61] |
| Role Limitations (Physical) | 94.23 (14.68) | 89.95 (26.22) | -0.18 [-0.62; 0.26] |
| Role Limitations (Emotional) | 88.46 (26.57) | 96.74 (12.16) | 0.51 [0.06; 0.95] |
| Mental Health | 74.15 (15.60) | 81.13 (12.53) | 0.53 [0.08; 0.97] |
| Vitality | 64.42 (17.96) | 74.57 (12.87) | 0.72 [0.27; 1.17] |
| Pain | 87.76 (12.66) | 83.63 (17.73) | -0.25 [-0.69; 0.20] |
| General Health Perception | 73.08 (13.72) | 70.22 (14.52) | -0.20 [-0.64; 0.24] |
| Health Change | 55.77 (19.12) | 51.36 (16.31) | -0.26 [-0.70; 0.18] |
Note: MoCA = Montreal Cognitive Assessment, higher scores indicate better cognitive status [36]; PPVT-III-NL = Dutch version of the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, higher scores indicate higher crystallized intelligence [46, 47]; BSI-18 = Brief Symptom Inventory, 18-item version, higher scores indicate higher symptom severity [48]; MBQ = Modified Baecke Questionnaire, higher scores indicate higher levels of physical activity [49]; IPAQ = International Physical Activity Questionnaire, higher scores indicate higher levels of physical activity (except for “sitting”, where higher scores indicate lower levels of physical activity) [50]; RAND-36 = Short Form Health Survey, higher scores indicate better health-related well-being [51, 52]. a Effective age range: 18-37 years (young adults), 60-85 years (older adults). b Age-specific versions were used for older and young adults [53]. The scale “work” (“household”) applies to young adults (older adults) only.