Table 1.
Characteristics of the Diagnostic Groups
| Healthy Individuals, N = 55 | Clinical High-Risk Individuals, N = 71 | First-Episode Psychosis Individuals, N = 72 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic features | |||
| Age (y), mean (SD), range | 26 (3.91), 19–39 | 25 (5.36), 18–42 | 26 (6.80), 18–42 |
| Sex (M/F) | 25/30 | 48/23 | 51/21 |
| Years of education, mean (SD) | 14.65 (2.81) | 13.85 (2.57) | 13.21 (2.92) |
| Nonverbal IQ (abstract reasoning), normative values | n/a | 110.72 (14.32) | 108.46 (16.96) |
| Clinical | |||
| BPRS, mean (SD) | 24.16 (0.56) | 37.85 (8.47) | 49.90 (12.81) |
| GAF | 91.92 (4.47) | 60.81 (13.57) | 57.44 (15.69) |
| Duration of untreated illness (DUI), mo, mean (SD) | n/a | n/a | 52.95 (69.20) |
| Duration of untreated psychosis (DUP), mo, mean (SD) | n/a | n/a | 25.29 (28.92) |
| Antipsychotics, N (%) | n/a | 0 | 33 (46) |
| Antidepressants, N (%) | n/a | 22 (31) | 13 (18) |
| Transitions to psychosis, N (%) | n/a | 16 (22.53) | n/a |
| Neuroimaging | |||
| Intracranial volume (ml) | 16,320,49.09 (119,683) | 16,478,57.18 (158,596) | 16,247,55.58 (156,330) |
Note: BPRS, 24-item Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; GAF, Global Assessment of Functioning; SD, standard deviation.
Information on IQ was available in 43 clinical high-risk and 43 first-episode psychosis individuals.