Table 2 .

UK-based clinical guidelines for fragility fractures and osteoporosis

Year of publication, reference number	Title	Setting	Publishing organisation	Patient group	Intended audience	Content
Primarily osteoporosis
2008 [25]	Raloxifene for the primary prevention of osteoporotic fragility fractures in post-menopausal women	Hospital and community	NICE	Post-menopausal women	Health care professionals Patients Commissioners and/or providers	80 pages (guidance recommendations and how to implement it)
2018 [27]	Raloxifene and teriparatide for the secondary prevention of osteoporotic fragility fractures in post-menopausal women	Hospitals and community	NICE	Post-menopausal women	Health care professionals Patients Commissioners and/or providers	85 pages of guidance recommendations and how to implement them
2015 [28]	SIGN 142: Management of osteoporosis and the prevention of fragility fractures	Hospital and community	SIGN-Scotland	Adults with osteoporosis	Rheumatologists Endocrinologists General practitioners Geriatricians Orthopaedic surgeons Gynaecologists specialist Osteoporosis nurses Pharmacists	128 pages of recommendations related to the management of osteoporosis and the prevention of fragility fractures.
2017 [29]	Osteoporosis Quality Standards	Hospitals and community	NICE	Adults with or at risk of fragility fracture Adults with a history of falls Adults treated for osteoporosis	Service providers Healthcare professionals Service commissioners	4 standards
2018 [30]	Impact falls and fragility fractures	Hospital and community	NICE	People with osteoporosis	Health professionals	20 pages of commentaries and recommendations
2012 [31]	Osteoporosis: assessing the risk of fragility fracture	Hospital and community	NICE	People with osteoporosis at risk of fragility fracture	Local commissioners and providers of healthcare	17 standards and substandards—14 pages
2019 [32]	Osteoporosis: assessing the risk of fragility fracture	Hospital and community	National Clinical Guideline Centre	People with osteoporosis at risk fragility fracture	All healthcare professionals and other staff who care for people at risk of fragility fracture	18 standards and recommendations (97 pages)
General
2007 [33]	The care of patients with fragility fracture (Blue Book)	Hospitals	British Orthopaedic Association	Older people with fragility fractures	Health professionals Health service managers	6 standards with 80 pages of recommendations
2012 [34]	Guidelines for the Physiotherapy management of older people at risk of falling	Hospital and community	AGILE: Chartered physiotherapists working with older people	Old people who are at risk of falling	Physiotherapists for older people and the multidisciplinary rehabilitation team	4 standards, in 8 pages
2012 [35]	Right Care Pathway: Falls and Fragility Fractures	Hospital and community	NHS Right care, Public Health England, National Osteoporosis Society	Adults with history or at risk of falls	Health professionals Commissioners Patients	34 pages of recommendations and commentaries
2013 [36]	Assessment and prevention of falls in older people	Hospital and community	NICE	All people aged 65 or older People aged 50 to 64 who are admitted to hospital and are judged by a clinician to be at higher risk of falling	Healthcare and other professionals and staff who care for older people who are at risk of falling	315 pages of commentaries and recommendations
2017 [37]	Quality Standards for Osteoporosis and Prevention of Fragility Fractures	Hospital and community	The Royal Osteoporosis Society-UK	Adults at increased risk of fragility fractures	Patients, carers and families Health professionals delivering osteoporosis services Health professionals involved in fragility fracture prevention Commissioners Managers	7 standards
2017 [38]	Falls and fracture consensus statement. Supporting commissioning for prevention	Hospital and community	Public Health England	Adults >65 with a history or at risk of fractures	Local commissioning and strategic leads in England with a remit for falls, bone health and healthy ageing	22 pages of commentaries and recommendations
2019 [39]	Effective Secondary Prevention of Fragility Fractures: Clinical Standards for Fracture Liaison Services	Hospital and community	Royal Osteoporosis Society	Adults >50 or older who have had a fragility fracture	Patients, their carers and families Health professionals in Fracture Liaison Services (FLS) and fracture prevention Commissioners Managers	6 standards (with 23 substandards) over 38 pages