Table 1.
Characteristics of 34 included clinical trials
| Characteristic | Category | Type of tumor | Total | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solid | Hematological | Both | |||
| All studies | 22 (64.7) | 9 (26.5) | 3 (8.8) | 34 (100) | |
| Publication year | 2015 | 7 (31.8) | 1 (11.1) | 0 (0) | 8 (23.5) |
| 2016 | 5 (22.7) | 0 (0) | 1 (33.3) | 6 (17.7) | |
| 2017 | 2 (9.1) | 3 (33.4a) | 2 (66.7) | 7 (20.6) | |
| 2018 | 5 (22.7) | 4 (44.4) | 0 (0) | 9 (26.5) | |
| 2019 | 2 (9.1) | 1 (11.1) | 0 (0) | 3 (8.8) | |
| 2020 | 1 (4.6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.9) | |
| Locationsb | Africa | 0 (0) | 1 (11.1) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.9) |
| Asia | 0 (0) | 3 (33.3) | 0 (0) | 3 (8.8) | |
| Australia | 4 (18.2) | 3 (33.3) | 0 (0) | 7 (20.6) | |
| Europe | 8 (36.4) | 5 (55.6) | 1 (33.3) | 14 (41.2) | |
| North America | 17 (77.3) | 8 (88.9) | 2 (66.7) | 27 (79.4) | |
| South America | 1 (4.6) | 1 (11.1) | 0 (0) | 2 (5.9) | |
| Not reported | 1 (4.6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.9) | |
| Funding | Private | 6 (27.2a) | 4 (44.4) | 0 (0) | 10 (29.4) |
| Public | 10 (45.5) | 1 (11.2a) | 0 (0) | 11 (32.4) | |
| Mixed | 5 (22.7) | 4 (44.4) | 3 (100) | 12 (35.3) | |
| Unclear | 1 (4.6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.9) | |
| Study status | Active, not recruiting | 3 (13.6) | 4 (44.4) | 1 (33.3) | 8 (23.5) |
| Completed | 13 (59.1) | 4 (44.4) | 2 (66.7) | 19 (55.9) | |
| Terminated | 4 (18.2) | 1 (11.2a) | 0 (0) | 5 (14.7) | |
| Not reported | 2 (9.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (5.9) | |
| Study definition | Phase I/II | 3 (13.6) | 1 (11.1) | 1 (33.3) | 5 (14.7) |
| Phase II | 19 (86.4) | 7 (77.8) | 2 (66.7) | 28 (82.4) | |
| Phase II/III | 0 (0) | 1 (11.1) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.9) | |
| Population | Pediatric only | 16 (72.7) | 8 (88.9) | 3 (100) | 27 (79.4) |
| Mixed | 6 (27.3) | 1 (11.1) | 0 (0) | 7 (20.6) | |
| Number of tumor types studied in the trial | 1 type | 10 (45.5) | 7 (77.8) | 0 (0) | 17 (50.0) |
| 2 or 3 types | 5 (22.7) | 2 (22.2) | 1 (33.3) | 8 (23.5) | |
| 4 types | 2 (9.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (5.9) | |
| More than 4 | 4 (18.1a) | 0 (0) | 2 (66.7) | 6 (17.7) | |
| Not reported | 1 (4.6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.9) | |
| Total number of investigational drugs | 1 drug | 19 (86.4) | 9 (100) | 3 (100) | 31 (91.2) |
| 2 drugs | 3 (13.6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (8.8) | |
| Randomization | Yes | 1 (4.5a) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.9) |
| No | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (33.3) | 1 (2.9) | |
| Not applicable | 21 (95.5) | 9 (100) | 2 (66.7) | 32 (94.2a) | |
| Blinding | Blinding present | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| No blinding | 22 (100) | 9 (100) | 3 (100) | 34 (100) | |
| Further studies recommended | Yes | 7 (31.8) | 3 (33.3) | 2 (66.7) | 12 (35.4a) |
| No | 2 (9.1) | 1 (11.1) | 0 (0) | 3 (8.8) | |
| Not reported | 12 (54.6) | 5 (55.6) | 1 (33.3) | 18 (52.9) | |
| Not applicable | 1 (4.5a) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.9) | |
Data given as number of studies (%)
aPercentage was calculated by subtracting the remaining % values from 100%
bSome of the studies were conducted in more than 1 location