TABLE 1. Image quality metrics compare for simulated 6.25% ultra-low-dose18F-FDG PET and AI-reconstructed18F-FDG PET scans.
The AI-reconstructed 18F-FDG PET scan demonstrates improved image quality and significantly less noise for all three metrics compared to the ultra-low dose 18F-FDG PET scan: higher peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), higher structural similarity index (SSIM) and lower normalized root-mean-square error (NRMSE), n=23 scans per group, Wilcoxon signed rank tests.
| 6.25% ultra-low-dose PET (N=23) |
Al-reconstructed PET (N=23) |
P-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| PSNR | |||
| Mean (SD) | 51.6 (8.50) | 55.6 (7.62) | <0.001 |
| Median [Q1, Q3] | 53.6 [43.9, 59.3] | 58.1 [48.8, 62.3] | |
| SSIM | |||
| Mean (SD) | 0.925 (0.0449) | 0.967 (0.0175) | <0.001 |
| Median [Q1, Q3] | 0.929 [0.916, 0.957] | 0.972 [0.961, 0.978] | |
| NRMSE | |||
| Mean (SD) | 0.257 (0.102) | 0.158 (0.0453) | <0.001 |
| Median [Q1, Q3] | 0.228 [0.182, 0.305] | 0.156 [0.127, 0.191] |
*
P-values were calculated using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test.