Table 1.
Some suggested drugs with targeting inflammasome may be used for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2-induced neurological manifestations
| Mechanism | Drug or agents | Mentioned in COVID-19 studies |
|---|---|---|
| Anti-IL-1β therapy | Anakinra | (Mariette et al., 2021; Kooistra et al., 2020; Pasin et al., 2021; Franzetti et al., 2021) |
| Canakinumab | (Landi et al., 2020; Katia et al., 2021; Generali et al., 2021) | |
| NLRP3 inhibitors | Glibenclamide | – |
| MCC950 | (Rodrigues et al., 2021) | |
| CY-09 | – | |
| OLT117 | – | |
| benzoxathiole derivative BOT-4-one | – | |
| β-hydroxybutyrate | – | |
| INF4E | – | |
| 3,4-methylenedioxy-β-nitrostyrene | – | |
| Artemisinin | (Li et al., 2021a; Uckun et al., 2021; Gendrot et al., 2020) | |
| Probenecid | (Swayne et al., 2020) | |
| Mefenamic acid | (Pareek 2020; Shah et al., 2021) | |
| Parthenolide | (Bahrami et al., 2020; Nemati and Rami, 2020) | |
| Oridonin | – | |
| Bay 11–7082 | (Olajide et al., 2021) | |
| microRNA-7: inhibited microglial NLRP3 inflammasome | – | |
| Anti-inflammatory drugs | Tocilizumab and other IL-6 antibodies | (Ulhaq and Soraya, 2020; Aziz et al., 2021; Salama et al., 2021; Horby et al., 2021) |
| Emapalumab: anti-IFN-γ antibody | (Magro, 2020) | |
| Polaprezinc | (Sepehrinezhad et al., 2021) | |
| Colchicine | (Madrid-García et al., 2021; Reyes et al., 2021) | |
| Glucocorticoids | (Mishra and Mulani, 2021; Annane, 2021; Robinson and Morand, 2021) | |
| P2X7R antagonist | Brilliant blue G | – |
| Anti-IL-18 therapy | Anti-IL-1R7 antibody: block the activity of IL-18 | (Li et al., 2021b) |
| Anti-caspase-1 therapy | Pralnacasan | – |
| Belnacasan | – |