Table 1.
Detailed clinical characteristics of the patients presenting with traumatic intracranial aneurysms.
| Age (year)/sex | Incident | Aneurysm location | Aneurysm size | Presentations | CT findings | Skull base Frx | GSC score at angio | Treatment | Immediate result | Parent artery Preserved | Outcome | Complications | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 12/F | MVA | R Pericallosal artery | 5 × 4 mm | Right CN II damage, diabetes insipidus | ICH/C | Yes | 15 | Clipping | Aneurysm obliteration | Yes | Angio f/u: AEC, GOS score 5 | None |
| 2 | 22/M | MVA | R ophthalmic segment ICA | 21.6 × 5.4 mm | Epistaxis, CSF rhinorrhea, right CN III damage | EDH, ICH/C | Yes | 15 | Covered stent (Jostent) | Aneurysm incomplete obliteration | Yes | CTA f/u: Recur, GOS score 4 | None |
| 3 | 22/M | MVA | L PcomA segment ICA | 5 × 6 mm | Headache, dizzyness | SAH | No | 15 | Wrapping | Aneurysm obliteration | Yes | Lost of f/u | None |
| 4 | 25/M | Fall | R ophthalmic segment ICA &CCF | 6.4 × 8.7 mm | Bilateral visual defect, CSF otorrhea | ICH/C | Yes | 15 | Stent-assisted coiling | Aneurysm obliteration | Yes | Angio f/u: AEC, GOS score 5 | None |
| 5 | 23/M | Fall | R ophthalmic segment ICA | 7.6 × 6.6 mm | Epistaxis | Cranial Frx | Yes | 15 | Covered stent (Willis) | Aneurysm obliteration | Yes | Angio f/u: AEC, GOS score 5 | None |
| 6 | 44/M | TA | L ophthalmic segment ICA | 1.8 × 2.2 mm | Right CN VI damage | SAH | No | 13 | Stent-assisted coiling | Aneurysm obliteration# | Yes | Angio f/u: AEC, GOS score 4 | None |
| 7 | 60/F | Blunt head injury | R ophthalmic segment ICA | 1.5 × 1.8 mm | Coma | ICH/C, SAH | No | 9 | No treatment | N/A | N/A | N/A; Dead | N/A |
| 8 | 28/M | Blunt head injury | R ophthalmic segment ICA | 6.5 × 7.4 mm | Epistaxis | SAH | No | 15 | Covered stent (Willis) | Small endoleak# | Yes | Angio f/u: Residual, GOS score 5 | None |
| 9 | 43/M | Iatrogenic | R petrous segment ICA | 21 × 13 mm | Epistaxis | None | No | 15 | Covered stent (Willis) | Aneurysm obliteration | Yes | Angio f/u: AEC; Dead | None |
| 10 | 22/M | TA | L PcomA ICA | 19.9 × 18.6 mm | Coma | ICH/C, SAH | Yes | 5 | Trapping | Aneurysm obliteration | No | Angio f/u: AEC, GOS score 4 | None |
| 11 | 26/M | TA | R cavernous segment ICA | 6.4 × 11.9 mm | Epistaxis | SDH | Yes | 15 | Balloon-assisted coils/Onyx embolization | Aneurysm obliteration | Yes | Angio f/u: AEC, GOS score 4 | None |
| 12 | 28/M | Fall | L ophthalmic segment ICA | 7.6 × 8.2 mm | Epistaxis | Cranial Frx, pneumocephalus | Yes | 15 | Covered stent (Willis) | Aneurysm obliteration | Yes | Angio f/u: AEC, GOS score 5 | None |
| 13 | 29/M | Fall | R cavernous segment ICA &CCF | 2.3 × 1.6 mm | L facial paralysis | ICH/C, Cranial Frx | Yes | 15 | Covered stent (Willis) | Aneurysm obliteration | Yes | Angio f/u: AEC, GOS score 5 | None |
| 14 | 19/M | TA | R PcomA segment ICA | 9.8 × 8.5 mm | L hemiparesis | ICH/C, SDH | No | 10T | Trapping & EC-IC high-flow bypass | Aneurysm obliteration | No | Angio f/u: AEC, GOS score 3 | None |
| 15 | 46/M | MVA | L PcomA segment ICA &CCF | 10.6 × 3.9 mm | Conjunctival congestion | ICH/C, SAH | Yes | 15 | Coiling | Aneurysm obliteration | No (Balloon) | Angio f/u: AEC, GOS score 4 | Diplopia |
| 16 | 20/M | TA | R A1 segment ACA | 12.6 × 19.7 mm | Coma, CSF rhinorrhea | ICH/C, SAH, IVH | Yes | 4 | No treatment | N/A | N/A | N/A; Dead | N/A |
| 17 | 39/M | MVA | L choroidal segment ICA | 2 × 2.2 mm | Regain consciousness from coma | Cranial Frx, SAH | Yes | 15 | Wrapping | Aneurysm obliteration | No | Angio f/u: AEC, GOS score 5 | None |
| 18 | 24/M | TA | R cavernous segment ICA | 2.6 × 4.9 mm | Epistaxis | Cranial Frx | Yes | 15 | Covered stent (Willis) | Aneurysm obliteration# | Yes | Angio f/u: AEC, GOS score 5 | Vision decrease |
| 19 | 47/M | Fall | R cavernous segment ICA | 5 × 5.7 mm | R CN II&III damage | SDH, EDH, SAH | Yes | 15 | Covered stent (Willis) | Aneurysm obliteration# | Yes | Angio f/u: AEC, GOS score 5 | None |
| 20 | 47/F | Iatrogenic | L PcomA | 7.2 × 5.5 mm | Coma, epistaxis, epilepsy | SAH | No | 4 | No treatment | N/A | N/A | NA; Dead | N/A |
#Indicated the occlusion of the ophthalmic artery. AEC, aneurysm excluded from circulation; Angio, angiography; CCF, carotid-cavernous fistula; CN, cranial nerve; CT, computed tomography; CTA, computed tomographic angiography; EC-IC, extracranial-intracranial; EDH, epidural hematoma; Frx, fracture; f/u, follow-up; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; GOS, Glasgow Outcome Scale; ICA, internal carotid artery; ICH/C, intracranial hemorrhage/contusion; L, left; MVA, motor vehicle accident; PcomA, posterior communicating artery; R, right; SAH, subarachnoid hemorrhage; SDH, subdural hemorrhage; TA, traffic accident.