Table 4.
Baseline characteristics of early-onset PSD group (n = 154).
| Group N | Favorable outcome 107 | Unfavorable outcome 47 | P-value* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± SD | 60.3 ± 13.2 | 65.8 ± 8.7 | 0.011* |
| Gender, male n (%) | 59 (55.7%) | 30 (66.7%) | 0.209 |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 24.4 ± 4.2 | 23.5 ± 3.8 | 0.619 |
| Education (years), mean ± SD | 4.3 ± 3.6 | 3.2 ± 3.0 | 0.896 |
| Lesion location | |||
| Frontal lobe, n (%) | 17 (18.5%) | 7 (17.1%) | 0.846 |
| Parietal lobe, n (%) | 9 (9,8%) | 2 (4.9%) | 0.502 |
| Temporal lobe, n (%) | 12 (13.3%) | 2 (4.9%) | 0.225 |
| Occipital lobe, n (%) | 8 (8.7%) | 2 (4.9%) | 0.723 |
| Basal ganglia, n (%) | 52 (68%) | 24 (58.5%) | 0.739 |
| Cerebellum, n (%) | 10 (10.9%) | 6 (14.6%) | 0.538 |
| Midbrain, n (%) | 10 (10.9%) | 3 (7.3%) | 0.754 |
| Pons, n (%) | 14 (15.2%) | 7 (17.1%) | 0.800 |
| Medulla, n (%) | 12 (13.0%) | 5 (12.2%) | 0.892 |
| History of drinking, n (%) | 31 (30.4%) | 13 (31.0%) | 0.947 |
| History of smoking, n (%) | 35 (33.3%) | 8 (17.8%) | 0.054 |
| History of hypertension, n (%) | 74 (68.5%) | 37 (82.2%) | 0.084 |
| History of diabetes, n (%) | 25 (23.1%) | 14 (31.1%) | 0.303 |
| History of hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 17 (15.7%) | 0 | 0.005 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 5 (4.7%) | 3 (6.7%) | 0.615 |
| History of a previous stroke, n (%) | 12 (11.1%) | 5 (11.1%) | 1.0 |
| MMSE, mean ± SD | 21.6 ± 5.4 | 20.0 ± 5.6 | 0.213 |
| HAMD, mean ± SD | 6.8 ± 4.4 | 7.1 ± 4.3 | 0.701 |
| HAMD 1 month, median (IQR) | 9.0 (8.0–11.0) | 11.0 (8.5–12.5) | 0.017* |
| mRS, median (IQR) | 2 (1–3) | 3 (2.25–4) | <0.001* |
| ADL, median (IQR) | 80 (47.5–95) | 25 (40–55) | <0.001* |
| NIHSS, median (IQR) | 3 (2–5) | 4 (2–6.5) | 0.053 |
BMI, body mass index; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; MMSE, mini mental state examination; BI, modified Barthel Index; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation; PSD, Post-stroke depression.
*
p < 0.005.