Figure 4.

Limitrin-deficient astrocytes display greater chemotactic response to neuroinflammatory stimulation. (A) Results of NO assay indicating chemotactic response of astrocytes to stimulation with LPS and IFN-γ. (B) Expression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α in WT or LMTN-KO astrocytes. (C) Expression of chemokines CCL3, CXCL10, and CXCL5, in WT or LMTN-KO astrocytes. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 3 per each group). Mann–Whitney U test. ^*P < 0.05, versus control (PBS) WT astrocytes; ^#P < 0.05, versus control (PBS) LMTN-KO mice. All experiments were performed in triplicate and repeated three times. LMTN, limitrin; LPS, lipopolysaccharide.