Table 2:
Demographics, clinical features, and GBS classification in patients with confirmed cases of COVID-19
| Demographics | |
|---|---|
| Mean age (years) | 56.07 |
| Males | 71 |
| Females | 28 |
| Average latency of neurological symptoms (days) | 12.2 (±7.5) |
| Arboviral symptoms | |
| Fever | 67/95 |
| Sore throat | 12/95 |
| Anosmia/dysgeusia | 25/95 |
| Dry cough | 60/95 |
| Rash | 2/95 |
| Arthralgia/myalgia | 18/95 |
| Chest pain | 1/95 |
| Shortness of breath | 27/95 |
| Headache | 10/95 |
| Gastrointestinal symptoms | 17/95 |
| Neurological signs and symptoms | |
| Dysphagia | 18/99 |
| Dysarthria | 11/99 |
| Sensory symptoms | 65/99 |
| Diplopia | 11/99 |
| Facial palsy | 42/99 |
| Bulbar palsy | 12/99 |
| Ocular palsy | 11/99 |
| Tetraparesis | 64/99 |
| Paraparesis | 81/99 |
| Sensory deficits | 41/99 |
| Areflexia or hyporeflexia | 93/99 |
| Ataxia | 18/99 |
| Respiratory dysfunction | 30/99 |
| Dysautonomia | 20/99 |
| GBS clinical variant | |
| Classical sensorimotor GBS | 64/99 |
| Paraparetic GBS | 16/99 |
| Miller Fisher syndrome | 9/99 |
| Pharyngeal-cervical-brachial GBS | 2/99 |
| Bilateral facial palsy with paranesthesia | 3/99 |
| Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis | 0/99 |
| Pure motor GBS | 0/99 |
| Pure sensory GBS | 1/99 |
| Unclassified | 4/99 |
| CSF analysis | |
| Albuminocytologic dissociation | 74/86 |
| Oligoclonal bands | 2/86 |
| Normal | 10/86 |
| Neuroimaging findings | |
| Cranial nerve enhancement | 9/61 |
| Spinal nerve root enhancement | 10/61 |
| Unremarkable | 44/61 |
| Antiganglioside antibodies | |
| Anti-GM1 | 3/50 |
| Anti-GM2 | 2/50 |
| Anti-GD1a | 3/50 |
| Anti-GD1b | 3/50 |
| Anti-GD3 | 1/50 |
| Anti-GQ1b | 1/50 |
| Anti-GT1b | 1/50 |
| Anti-Gal-C | 1/50 |
| Negative antiganglioside Ab | 43/50 |
| GBS EMG variant | |
| AIDP | 59/77 |
| AMAN | 8/77 |
| AMSAN | 10/77 |
| Immunomodulatory treatment | |
| IVIG | 72/98 |
| PLEX | 10/98 |
| IVIG and PLEX | 7/98 |
| No treatment | 8/98 |
| Clinical outcome | |
| ICU admission | 40/99 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 33/99 |
| Death | 6/99 |
| Brighton criteria | |
| Level 1–3 | 84/99 |
| Level 4 | 9/99 |
| Other variants | 6/99 |
AIDP= acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy; AMAN=acute motor axonal neuropathy; AMSAN=acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy; CSF=cerebrospinal fluid; GBS=Guillain Barre syndrome; ICU=intensive care unit; IVIG=intravenous immunoglobulin; PLEX=plasmapheresis.