Table 3.
Analysis of Factors Associated With Poor Sleepers (PSQI Score >5).
| Parameters | Univariate analysis OR (95% CI), P value | Adjusted univariate analysisa OR (95% CI), P value | Multivariate analysis OR (95% CI), P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Child-Turcotte-Pugh Class | |||
| A | 1 | 1 | |
| B | 1.360 (0.970–1.907), P = 0.074 | – | 1.040 (0.658–1.644), P = 0.865 |
| C | 2.326 (1.706–3.172), P < 0.001 | 2.158 (1.431–3.255), P < 0.001 | |
| Minimal hepatic encephalopathy | |||
| No | 1 | 1 | |
| Yes | 2.013 (1.580–2.566), P < 0.001 | – | 1.658 (1.211–2.271), P = 0002 |
| Diurnal preference category | |||
| Morning type | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Intermediate type | 2.320 (1.705–3.156), P < 0.001 | 2.267 (1.654–3.105), P < 001 | 2.751 (1.855–4.078), P < 0.001 |
| Evening type | 5.589 (4.010–7.791), P < 0.001 | 5.383 (3.835–7.557), P < 0.001 | 5.851 (3.864–8.861), P < 0.001 |
| Risk for OSA | |||
| Low risk | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| High risk | 1.784 (1.347–2.362), P < 0.001 | 1.959 (1.463–2.622), P < 0.001 | 2.400 (1.489–3.866), P < 0.001 |
| Diuretics use | |||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.567 (1.083–2.266), P = 0.017 | 1.304 (0.890–1.912), P = 0.174 | 2.129 (1.344–3.371), P = 0.001 |
| Beta blocker use | |||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.597 (1.258–2.028), P < 0.001 | 1.114 (0.829–1.498), P = 0.474 | 1.204 (0.821–1.767), P = 0.341 |
| Major depression | |||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 12.780 (9.328–17.509), P < 0.001 | 14.644 (10.487–20.448),P < 0.001 | 11.437 (7.039–18.584), P < 0.001 |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | |||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 10.417 (7.558–14.356), P < 0.001 | 10.176 (7.740–15.002), P < 0.001 | 2.977 (1.823–4.861), P < 0.001 |
| Excessive daytime sleepiness | |||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 3.429 (2.669–4.407),P < 0.001 | 3.314 (2.564–4.283), P < 0.001 | 0.752 (0.518–1.091), P = 0.133 |
Abbreviations: OSA- Obstructive sleep apnea.
a
Adjusted for Child-Turcotte-Pugh Class and Minimal hepatic encephalopathy status.