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. 2021 Jun 25;12:641711. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.641711

TABLE 2.

Mean subscale scores and f ratios for the populations under study.

Population N Emotional distress
Social inadequacy
Growth and discovery
Social isolation
Self-alienation
M SD M SD M SD M SD M SD
Blind individuals 65 2.29 1.96 2.10 1.59 3.69 2.37 1.83 1.82 1.43 1.38
Men 22 2.54 1.92 1.95 1.58 4.36 2.21 2.13 1.90 1.86 1.39
Women 43 2.16 1.99 2.18 1.60 3.34 2.40 1.67 1.78 1.20 1.33
MANOVA F(5, 59) = 2.39 F(1, 63) = 0.54 F(1, 63) = 0.30 F(1, 63) = 2.72 F(1, 63) = 0.93 F(1, 63) = 3.39
General Pop 122 3.35 1.84 2.82 1.93 2.43 2.26 2.91 1.75 1.79 1.60
Men 12 2.75 1.95 3.00 1.80 1.33 2.01 2.75 1.54 1.41 1.50
Women 110 3.41 1.82 2.80 1.95 2.55 2.26 2.93 1.77 1.83 1.61
MANOVA F(5, 116) = 1.14 F(1, 120) = 1.43 F(1, 120) = 0.10 F(1, 120) = 3.19 F(1, 120) = 0.12 F(1, 120) = 0.74
Men 34 2.61 1.90 2.32 1.71 3.29 2.57 2.35 1.79 1.70 1.42
Blind individuals 22 2.54 1.92 1.95 1.58 4.36 2.21 2.13 1.90 1.86 1.39
General Pop 12 2.75 1.95 3.00 1.80 1.33 2.10 2.75 1.54 1. 41 1.50
MANOVA F(5, 28) = 6.01** F(1, 32) = 0.08 F(1, 32) = 3.05*** F(1, 32) = 15.44 F(1, 32) = 0.91 F(1, 32) = 0.75
Women 153 3.06 1.95 2.63 1.88 2.77 2.32 2.58 1.86 1.66 1.56
Blind individuals 43 2.16 1.99 2.18 1.60 3.34 2.40 1.67 1.78 1.20 1.33
General Pop 110 3.41 1.82 2.80 1.95 2.55 2.26 2.93 1.77 1.83 1.61
MANOVA F(5, 147) = 5.99*** F(1, 151) = 13.86*** F(1, 151) = 3.44 F(1, 151) = 3.65 F(1, 151) = 15.55*** F(1, 151) = 5.12
Totals 187 2.98 1.94 2.57 1.85 2.87 2.37 2.54 1.84 1.66 1.53
Blind individuals 65 2.29 1.96 2.10 1.59 3.69 2.37 1.83 1.82 1.43 1.38
General Pop 122 3.35 1.84 2.82 1.93 2.43 2.26 2.91 1.75 1.79 1.60
Total MANOVA F(5, 181) = 8.79*** F(1, 185) = 13.41*** F(1, 185) = 6.60* F(1, 185) = 12.61*** F(1, 185) = 15.87*** F(1, 185) = 2.41

p < 0.05 ∗∗p < 0.01 ∗∗∗p < 0.001.