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. 2021 Jun 25;12:700926. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.700926

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Total RNAs of SARS-CoV-2-infected cells induce type I IFN expression. (A–C) Total RNAs were extracted from VeroE6/TMPRSS2 cells infected with mock or SARS-CoV-2 for 24 h. 1 μg of extracted RNA was transfected into HEK293 cells, and IFN-β (A), IP-10 (B), and Ccl5 (C) mRNA expression at indicated time points were determined by RT-qPCR (n = 3). The data shown is representative of two independent experiments. (D) Whole cell extracts of WT, RIG-I KO, and MDA5 KO HEK293 cells were prepared and subjected to SDS-PAGE. The proteins were detected by western blotting using anti-RIG-I, MDA5, and β-actin antibodies. (E–G) 1 μg of the total RNA from VeroE6/TMPR22S infected with SARS-CoV-2 was transfected into WT, RIG-I KO, and MDA5 KO cells. IFN-β (D), IP-10 (E), and Ccl5 (F) mRNA expression at indicated time points were determined by RT-qPCR (n = 3, *p < 0.05, t-test). The data shown is representative of two independent experiments.