Table 1.
Study patients and classes of cardiac reserve.
| Overall (n = 1344) | Low CI Reserve First Tertile (n = 448) |
Medium CI Reserve Second Tertile (n = 448) |
High CI Reserve High Tertile (n = 448) |
p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male gender, n (%) | 794 (59.1%) | 244 (54.5%) | 254 (56.7%) | 296 (66.1%) | 0.001 |
| Age (years) | 59.8 ± 11.4 | 62.6 ± 11.1 | 60.4 ± 10.4 | 56.4 ± 11.8 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 909 (67.6%) | 333 (74.3%) | 321 (71.7%) | 255 (56.9%) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 249 (18.5%) | 107 (23.9%) | 84 (18.8%) | 58 (12.9%) | <0.001 |
| History of dyspnea, n (%) | 129 (9.6%) | 54 (12.1%) | 48 (10.7%) | 27 (6%) | 0.006 |
| History of myocardial infarction, n (%) | 344 (25.6%) | 137 (30.6%) | 106 (23.7%) | 101 (22.5%) | 0.012 |
| History of PCI/CABG, n (%) | 327 (24.3%) | 145 (32.4%) | 102 (22.8%) | 80 (17.9%) | <0.001 |
| Beta blockers, n (%) | 601 (44.7%) | 248 (55.4%) | 207 (46.2%) | 146 (32.6%) | <0.001 |
| Nitrates, n (%) | 47 (3.5%) | 27 (6%) | 14 (3.1%) | 6 (1.3%) | 0.001 |
| Calcium channel blockers, n (%) | 211 (15.7%) | 86 (19.2%) | 73 (16.3%) | 52 (11.6%) | 0.007 |
| Statins, n (%) | 648 (48.2%) | 229 (51.1%) | 233 (52%) | 186 (41.5%) | 0.002 |
| ACEi/ARB, n (%) | 727 (54.1%) | 260 (58%) | 259 (57.8%) | 208 (46.4%) | <0.001 |
| Diuretics, n (%) | 43 (3.2%) | 7(1.6%) | 18 (4%) | 18 (4%) | 0.055 |
| Anti-platelet agents, n (%) | 719 (53.5%) | 265 (59.2%) | 257 (57.4%) | 197 (44%) | <0.001 |
Clinical parameters according to subdivision in CI tertiles: the first CI reserve tertile (≤1591 mL/min × m−2 CI increase), the second CI tertile (>1591 mL/min × m−2 and ≤2599 mL/min × m−2 CI increase) and the highest CI reserve tertile (CI increase >2599 mL/min × m−2). Data are presented as mean value with SD of continuous variables; frequency and percentage of categorical variables. ACEi/ARB, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers; BSA, body surface area; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.