Table 10.
In vivo studies of craniofacial defects.
| Type of Stem Cell | Animal Model | Defect Model | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AdSCs with BMP-2 and bioscaffold grafts | Rat | Large mandibular defects | Healing of critical-sized segmental mandibular defects | [203] |
| AdSCs | Mouse | Radiation-damaged salivary glands | Ameliorating radiation-induced tissue damage | [204] |
| AdSCs or collagen scaffold | Rat | A 7 mm gap in facial nerve | Differentiation into Schwann-like cells and neuroregeneration | [205] |
| AdSCs | Rat | Radiation-damaged submandibular salivary glands | Improving salivary gland flow rate | [206] |
| AdSCs with fibrin glue | Rabbit | Mandibular defect | Significantly increase in thickness of new cortical bone and acceleration of healing process | [182] |
| AdSCs with fibrin glue | Rabbit | Mandibular defect | Repairing therapeutic effect, while the impact of AdSCs/fibrin glue on bone formation was greater | [182] |
| BMSCs with three-dimensional 3D-HA/PDLLA | Rat | Mandibular critical defect | Good osteoconductivity, bone regenerative and reconstruction of maxillofacial defect | [207] |
| DPSCs seeded on bovine bone mineral | Rabbit | Craniofacial defect | Bone regeneration and repairing efficacy | [208] |
| SGSCs | Rat | Radiation-damaged salivary glands | Rescue of hyposalivation and body weight loss, restoring acinar and duct cell structure, and decreasing apoptotic cells | [209] |
AdSCs: Adipose tissue-derived stem cells. BMSCs: Bone marrow-derived stem cells. DPSCs: Dental pulp stem cells. SGSCs: Submandibular salivary gland stem cells. BMP-2: Bone morphogenetic protein 2. 3D-HA/PDLLA: Hydroxyapatite/poly-d/l-lactide.