Table 2.
Univariable analysis of recurrence-free and overall survival in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.
| Recurrence-Free Survival (RFS) | Overall Survival (OS) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Median RFS, m (95% CI) | Hazard Ratio/Exp(B) (95% CI) | p Value | Median OS, m (95% CI) | Hazard Ratio/Exp(B) (95% CI) | p Value | |
| Sex | .950 | .107 | |||||
| Male | 61 | 12 (7–17) | 1 | 18 (1224) | 1 | ||
| Female | 78 | 13 (620) | .99 (.62–1.56) | 31 (2042) | .70 (.46–1.08) | ||
| Age, years | .985 | .460 | |||||
| ≤65 | 68 | 12 (717) | .99 (.97–1.01) | 30 (1941) | 1.00 (.99–1.03) | ||
| >65 | 71 | 13 (422) | 22 (1628) | ||||
| BMI, kg/m2 | .047 | .977 | |||||
| ≤25 | 65 | 10 (616) | .95 (.90–1.00) | 25 (1436) | 1.00 (.95–1.05) | ||
| >25 | 73 | 15 (921) | 33 (1430) | ||||
| ASA | .759 | .123 | |||||
| I/II | 59 | 13 (620) | 1 | 28 (1838) | 1 | ||
| III/IV | 79 | 12 (816) | 1.07 (.68–1.69) | 21 (1230) | 1.40 (.91–2.16) | ||
| Neoadjuvant therapy | .054 | .091 | |||||
| No | 126 | 13 (818) | 1 | 27 (2034) | 1 | ||
| Yes | 13 | 7 (68) | 2.00 (.99–4.06) | 10 (416) | 1.83 (.91–3.68) | ||
| Number of nodules, n (%) | .001 | .006 | |||||
| 1 | 98 | 26 (844) | 1 | 32 (1945) | 1 | ||
| 2–3 | 17 | 8 (610) | 2.81 (1.51–5.24) | 21 (537) | 1.68 (.93–3.05) | ||
| 45 | 10 | 10 (317) | 2.52 (1.12–5.67) | 22 (1826) | 1.70 (.77–3.79) | ||
| >5 | 14 | 4 (26) | 4.60 (2.31–9.16) | 10 (516) | 2.83 (1.50–5.36) | ||
| Largest tumor diameter (cm), n (%) | .001 | .007 | |||||
| ≤3 | 18 | 144 (110179) * | 1 | 142 (107178) * | 1 | ||
| >3, ≤5 | 22 | 18 (1224) | 3.71 (1.00–13.77) | 22 (1628) | 4.19 (1.15–15.31) | ||
| >5, ≤10 | 59 | 12 (816) | 5.40 (1.66–17.59) | 25 (1832) | 4.70 (1.46-15.20) | ||
| >10, ≤15 | 30 | 7 (59) | 11.00 (3.22–37.63) | 12 (026) | 7.42 (2.22–24.78) | ||
| >15 | 10 | 5 (010) | 13.76 (3.73–50.74) | 19 (038) | 5.52 (1.49–20.43) | ||
| Macrovascular invasion, n (%) | .001 | .002 | |||||
| No | 82 | 20 (238) | 1 | 32 (1945) | 1 | ||
| Yes | 57 | 7 (59) | 2.27 (1.44–3.58) | 16 (824) | 1.99 (1.30–3.05) | ||
| Risk stratification, n (%) | .001 | .001 | |||||
| 1 nodule, ≤3 cm | 18 | 144 (110,179) * | 1 | 142 (107,178) * | 1 | ||
| 1 nodule, >3 cm | 80 | 17 (1123) | 4.82 (1.49–15.62) | 28 (1839) | 4.44 (1.38–14.25) | ||
| ≥2 nodules | 41 | 7 (59) | 12.32 (3.69–41.11) | 19 (1028) | 7.39 (2.25–24.24) | ||
| Tumor localization, n (%) | .091 | .003 | |||||
| Peripherally located | 32 (1747) | 1 | 26 (547) | 1 | |||
| Central mass | 22 (1331) | 1.47 (0.94–2.22) | 9 (612) | 2.01 (1.26–3.21) | |||
| AST, U/L | .228 | .060 | |||||
| ≤35 | 71 | 17 (1322) | 1.00 (1.00–1.01) | 22 (1232) | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | ||
| >35 | 67 | 10 (713) | 25 (2736) | ||||
| GGT, U/L | .573 | .009 | |||||
| ≤120 | 65 | 18 (1125) | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 29 (1840) | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | ||
| >120 | 69 | 9 (513) | 18 (1125) | ||||
| Bilirubin, mg/dL | .032 | .444 | |||||
| ≤0.5 | 75 | 13 (719) | 1.06 (1.01–1.13) | 27 (1836) | .97 (.91–1.04) | ||
| >0.5 | 62 | 12 (717) | 20 (1228) | ||||
| Platelet count, 1/nL | .648 | .290 | |||||
| ≤250 | 66 | 13 (917) | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 22 (1727) | 1.00 (.97–1.00) | ||
| >250 | 71 | 12 (519) | 28 (1739) | ||||
| INR | .765 | .005 | |||||
| ≤1 | 78 | 17 (925) | 1.54 (.09–26.4) | 28 (1937) | 23.3 (2.5–214.2) | ||
| >1 | 58 | 11 (517) | 19 (1226) | ||||
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | .183 | .007 | |||||
| ≤13 | 67 | 9 (414) | .90 (.78–1.05) | 16 (824) | .83 (.73–.95) | ||
| >13 | 70 | 17 (1222) | 32 (2044) | ||||
| Operative time, min | .101 | .028 | |||||
| ≤300 | 70 | 13 (719) | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 25 (1634) | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | ||
| >300 | 69 | 10 (516) | 25 (1535) | ||||
| Operative procedure | .008 | .735 | |||||
| Atypical/Monosegmentectomy | 19 | 64 (4386) * | 1 | 54 (3575) * | 1 | ||
| Bisegmentectomy | 14 | 103 (43,164) * | 1.40 (.37–5.21) | 13 (026) | 1.41 (.51–3.92) | ||
| Hemihepatectomy | 49 | 15 (723) | 2.57 (.98–6.73) | 25 (1337) | 1.68 (.77–3.67) | ||
| Extended hepatectomy | 26 | 11 (418) | 3.32 (1.21–9.11) | 22 (046) | 1.76 (.76–4.09) | ||
| Trisectionectomy | 17 | 5 (011) | 5.05 (1.78–14.31) | 27 (1539) | 2.07 (.85–4.99) | ||
| Mesohepatectomy | 4 | 7 (311) | 3.75 (.89–15.88) | 18 (037) | 1.42 (.30–6.74) | ||
| ALPPS | 10 | 8 (511) | 5.55 (1.84–16.79) | 18 (037) | 2.11 (.81–5.48) | ||
| Intraoperative PRBC | .005 | .001 | |||||
| No | 95 | 15 (1020) | 1 | 29 (2137) | 1 | ||
| Yes | 44 | 7 (68) | 1.97 (1.23–3.15) | 11 (022) | 2.04 (1.33–3.14) | ||
| R1 resection | .025 | .022 | |||||
| No | 122 | 13 (818) | 1 | 27 (2034) | 1 | ||
| Yes | 14 | 7 (68) | 2.17 (1.10–4.27) | 6 (012) | 2.11 (1.11–3.99) | ||
| MVI | .013 | .039 | |||||
| No | 87 | 13 (422) | 1 | 32 (1945) | 1 | ||
| Yes | 45 | 10 (614) | 1.82 (1.14–2.90) | 20 (1624) | 1.58 (1.02–2.50) | ||
| LVI | .004 | .001 | |||||
| No | 99 | 13 (719) | 1 | 36 (3547) | 1 | ||
| Yes | 30 | 6 (39) | 2.24 (1.29–3.90) | 4 (17) | 4.00 (2.47–6.46) | ||
| Tumor grading | .107 | .001 | |||||
| G1/G2 | 87 | 13 (521) | 1 | 36 (2349) | 1 | ||
| G3/G4 | 37 | 12 (618) | 1.57 (.91–2.71) | 11 (616) | 2.62 (1.62–4.22) | ||
| pT category | .223 | .011 | |||||
| I/II | 114 | 13 (818) | 1 | 27 (1836) | 1 | ||
| III/IV | 25 | 7 (113) | 1.45 (.80–2.64) | 10 (218) | 1.89 (1.16–3.11) | ||
| pN category | .001 | .001 | |||||
| N0 | 81 | 18 (531) | 1 | 40 (2555) | 1 | ||
| N1 | 47 | 7 (410) | 2.26 (1.38–3.70) | 8 (313) | 3.45 (2.19–5.44) | ||
| ICU time, days | .737 | .001 | |||||
| ≤1 | 92 | 13 (917) | 1.01 (.95–1.07) | 31 (2339) | 1.05 (1.03–1.07) | ||
| >1 | 46 | 8 (511) | 10 (023) | ||||
| Hospitalization, days | .105 | .001 | |||||
| ≤13 | 71 | 17 (1024) | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 32 (2341) | 1.02 (1.01–1.03) | ||
| >13 | 66 | 9 (612) | 16 (725) | ||||
| Perioperative complications | .024 | .001 | |||||
| Clavien–Dindo I/II | 82 | 17 (1024) | 1 | 36 (2646) | 1 | ||
| Clavien–Dindo III/IV/V | 57 | 8 (610) | 1.70 (1.07–2.71) | 10 (416) | 2.43 (1.58–3.73) | ||
| Adjuvant therapy | .693 | .225 | |||||
| No | 89 | 12 (519) | 1 | 21 (1230) | 1 | ||
| Yes | 43 | 12 (816) | 1.10 (.69–1.76) | 28 (2333) | 0.74 (.45–1.21) | ||
Various parameters are associated with overall or recurrence-free survival. * mean. ALPPS: associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy; ASA: American society of anesthesiologists classification; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; BMI: body mass index; GGT: gamma glutamyltransferase; iCCA; intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; ICU: intensive care unit; INR: international normalized ratio; LVI: lympho-vascular invasion; MVI: microvascular invasion; PRBC: packed red blood cells; OS: overall survival; RFS: recurrence-free survival. Significant changes are marked in bold.