TABLE 1.
Characteristics of the study population
| Characteristics |
Patients N = 215 |
Controls N = 358 |
|---|---|---|
| Age, y, mean (range) | 78.1 (70.0‐100.9) | 77.3 (70.3‐94.2) |
| Men, N (%) | 92 (42.8) | 161 (45.0) |
| BMI, kg m−2, mean (range) | 27.0 (17.3–43.2) | 26.8 (17.0–49.7) |
| Smoking | ||
| Current, N (%) | 23 (10.7) | 47 (13.1) |
| Former+Never, N (%) | 192 (89.3) | 311 (86.9) |
| Type VT, N(%) | ||
| DVT | 108 (50.2) | … |
| Distal DVT a | 28 (13.0) | … |
| Proximal DVT a | 73 (34.0) | … |
| PE ± DVT | 107 (49.8) | … |
| PE only | 102 (47.4) | … |
| PE + DVT | 5 (2.3) | … |
| Provoked VT b | 106 (50.0) | … |
| Unprovoked VT b | 106 (50.0) | … |
| Provoked factors | ||
| Hospital admission, N (%) | 68 (31.6) | 18 (5.0) |
| Fracture, N (%) | 15 (7.0) | 1 (0.3) |
| Plaster cast, N (%) | 12 (5.6) | 3 (0.8) |
| Immobilization, N (%) | 19 (9.0) | 4 (1.1) |
| Minor injury, N (%) | 28 (13.1) | 29 (8.1) |
| Comorbidities | ||
| Heart failure, n (%) | 4 (1.9) | 9 (2.5) |
| Angina, n (%) | 20 (9.3) | 25 (7.0) |
| Myocardial infarction, n (%) | 21 (9.8) | 38 (10.6) |
| Cerebral bleeding, n (%) | 4 (2.0) | 4 (1.1) |
| Transient ischemic attack, n (%) | 21 (9.8) | 34 (9.7) |
| Cerebral infarction, n (%) | 7 (3.3) | 18 (5.0) |
Minor injury: defined as an injury of the lower extremities(hip, knee, ankle or foot) such as a sprained ankle or contusion of the lower leg that started within the three months window.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; DVT, deep vein thrombosis; PE, pulmonary embolus; VT, venous thrombosis.
a
For 7 patients, the exact veins involved in the thrombosis were not reported.
b
Three missing for provoked and unprovoked VT.