Figure 10.

Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) inhibitor decreased neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) at 24 h after renal ischemia reperfusion injury (I/R) and attenuated lupus characteristics (anti-dsDNA, glomerular immunoglobulin deposition and lupus nephritis) at 120 h post-I/R in lupus prone mice. Characteristics of Fcgr2b-/- mice after renal I/R with Syk inhibitor or phosphate buffer solution (PBS) as determined by i) indicators of NETs in serum; serum dsDNA and serum myeloperoxidase (MPO) (A, B), ii) NETs in kidneys; expression of PAD4 and IL-1β (C) and co-staining of MPO and neutrophil elastase (NE) with the representative pictures (D), iii) glomerular apoptosis (active caspase 3 staining) and immunoglobulin deposition with the representative pictures (E, F), and iv) lupus nephritis characteristics; serum dsDNA, proteinuria (urine protein creatinine index; UPCI), and serum creatinine (G–I) are demonstrated (n = 5–7/group).