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. 2021 Jun 24;12:669162. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.669162

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Copyright © 2021 Saisorn, Saithong, Phuengmaung, Udompornpitak, Bhunyakarnjanarat, Visitchanakun, Chareonsappakit, Pisitkun, Chiewchengchol and Leelahavanichkul

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) inhibitor decreased neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) at 24 h after renal ischemia reperfusion injury (I/R) and attenuated lupus characteristics (anti-dsDNA, glomerular immunoglobulin deposition and lupus nephritis) at 120 h post-I/R in lupus prone mice. Characteristics of Fcgr2b-/- mice after renal I/R with PAD4 inhibitor or phosphate buffer solution (PBS) as determined by indicators of NETs in serum; serum dsDNA and serum myeloperoxidase (MPO) (A, B), NETs in kidneys; co-staining of MPO and neutrophil elastase (NE) with the representative pictures (C, D) and characteristics of lupus nephritis; serum dsDNA, proteinuria (urine protein creatinine index; UPCI), and serum creatinine (E–G) are demonstrated (n = 4–5/group).