Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the patients in the training, tuning, and validation datasets.
| Characteristic | Training Dataset (n = 1476) |
Tuning Dataset (n = 431) |
Validation Dataset 1 (n = 284) |
Validation Dataset 2 (n = 202) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean Age, y (SD) | 53.8 (±11.0) | 54.3 (±11.8) | 57.9 (±11.1) | 54.7 (±10.7) |
| Sex, No. (%) | ||||
| Male | 409 (31.4) | 129 (35.3) | 103 (39.2) | 57 (32.6) |
| Female | 893 (68.6) | 236 (64.7) | 160 (60.8) | 118 (67.4) |
| WHO pathological type, No. (%) | ||||
| Benign/AAH | 206 (13.9) | 73 (16.9) | 38 (13.4) | 79 (39.1) |
| AIS | 623 (42.2) | 77 (17.9) | 55 (19.4) | 53 (26.2) |
| MIA | 261 (17.7) | 8 (1.9) | 64 (22.5) | 33 (16.3) |
| IA | 386 (26.2) | 273 (63.3) | 127 (44.7) | 37 (18.3) |
| Location, No. (%) | ||||
| RUL | 543 (36.8) | 157 (36.4) | 118 (41.5) | 80 (39.6) |
| RML | 110 (7.5) | 31 (7.2) | 17 (6.0) | 14 (6.9) |
| RLL | 270 (18.3) | 76 (17.6) | 48 (16.9) | 27 (13.4) |
| LUL | 384 (26.0) | 109 (25.3) | 71 (25.0) | 53 (26.2) |
| LLL | 169 (11.4) | 58 (13.5) | 30 (10.6) | 28 (13.9) |
| Nodule type on CT scan, No. (%) | ||||
| pGGN | 1093 (74.1) | 308 (71.5) | 102 (35.9) | 175 (86.6) |
| mGGN | 383 (25.9) | 123 (28.5) | 182 (64.1) | 27 (13.4) |
| Diameter (mm), No. (%) | ||||
| (3,10] | 888 (60.2) | 258 (59.9) | 135 (47.5) | 164 (81.2) |
| (10,20] | 452 (30.6) | 143 (33.2) | 120 (42.3) | 36 (17.8) |
| (20,30] | 136 (9.2) | 30 (6.9) | 29 (10.2) | 2 (1.0) |
Abbreviations and definitions: WHO = World Health Organization; AAH = atypical adenomatous hyperplasia; AIS = adenocarcinoma in situ; MIA = minimally invasive adenocarcinoma; RUL = right upper lobe; RML = right middle lobe; RLL = right lower lobe; LUL = left upper lobe; LLL = left lower lobe; pGGN = pure ground glass opacity nodule; mGGN = mixed ground glass nodule.