FIG 4.

Morphological effects on K. pneumoniae NCTC 43816 under antimicrobial pressure. (A) Representative images of the effect of different antimicrobials on the K. pneumoniae isolate NCTC 43816 in exponential growth phase after 2 h of incubation. Antimicrobials are grouped by similar cellular targets. Bacteria were stained with FM4-64, DAPI, and SYTOX green. Images were acquired on an Opera Phenix using a 63× water immersion lens. (B) Three-dimensional principal-component analysis of the mean and standard deviation values of 95 morphological and intensity properties measured for single bacterial cells in each well. Technical triplicate repeats are shown.