Table 1.

Baseline, operative and post-operative characteristics of the population.

	Total (n = 144)	Vascular Group ( n = 46)	Non-Vascular Group (n = 98)	p
Gender				0.538
− Male	76 (53%)	26 (57%)	50 (51%)
− Female	68 (47%)	20 (43%)	48 (49%)
Age, years, median (IQR)	56.2 (48–66)	54.3 (48–65)	56.4 (49–67)	0.5
Myasthenia Gravis	39 (27%)	6 (13%)	33 (34%)	0.009
Neoadjuvant CT	74 (51%)	37 (80%)	37 (38%)	<0.001
Neoadjuvant RT	6 (4%)	1 (2%)	5 (5%)	0.4
Surgical Approach
− Sternotomy − Thoracotomy − Sternothoracotomy − Clamshell − VATS/Robotic	85 (59%)	26 (56.5%)	59 (60%)	0.014
	12 (9%)	0 (0%)	12 (13%)
	38 (26%)	18 (39%)	20 (20%)
	3 (2%)	2 (4.5%)	1 (1%)
	6 (4%)	0 (0%)	6 (6%)
R0 resection	126 (87.5%)	38 (82%)	88 (89%)	0.2
Tumor dimension, mm, median (IQR)	80 (57–100)	75 (60–100)	80 (56–100)	0.78
Post-operative complications	33 (23%)	12 (26%)	21 (21%)	0.53
Post-operative deaths	3 (2%)	1 (2%)	2 (2%)	0.98
Pathological Masaoka Stage
− III − IVa − IVb	86 (60%)	25 (55%)	61 (62%)	0.1
	44 (30.5%)	13 (28%)	31(32%)
	14 (9.5%)	8 (17%)	6 (6%)
WHO Classification
− A − AB − B1 − B2 − B3 − C	4 (3%)	2 (4%)	2 (2%)	0.15
	12 (8.5%)	1 (2%)	11 (11%)
	21 (14.5%)	6 (13%)	15 (15%)
	36 (25%)	12 (27%)	24 (25%)
	42 (29%)	11 (25%)	31 (32%)
	29 (20%)	14 (29%)	15 (15%)
Adjuvant CT	22 (14%)	2 (4%)	20 (20%)	0.01
Adjuvant RT	106 (74%)	33 (72%)	73 (74%)	0.7
Recurrence	57 (39.5%)	22 (49%)	35 (36%)	0.15
− Local	1 (1%)	0 (0%)	1 (3%)
− Regional	30 (53%)	9 (41%)	21 (60%)
− Distant	26 (46%)	13 (59%)	13 (37%)