Figure 2.

Lipid alterations in hepatocytes of patients with NAFLD. Lipid accumulation is a result of: (1) increased expression of the enzymes of lipid synthesis (acetyl-CoA carboxylase—ACC and fatty acid synthase—FASN) and desaturation (stearoyl-CoA desaturase—SCD1); (2) inhibition of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), which limits the transport of FA from the cytosol to the mitochondria, when they undergo beta-oxidation by excessive level of malonyl-CoA. FA—fatty acid, OAA—oxaloacetate, TAG—triacylglycerol.