TABLE 3.

Adjusted mean changes in inflammatory parameters from baseline to the end of the trial

Characteristic	Group	Before	After	p‐Value*	Changes**
TNF‐α; pg/ml	Intervention	7.03 ± 2.42	7.55 ± 3.48	.44	0.557 ± 0.106
	Control	7.27 ± 2.35	9.73 ± 3.15	.001	2.432 ± 0.102
	p‐Value***	0.718	0.023	–	0.015
hs‐CRP; mg/l	Intervention	1.62 ± 0.76	1.71 ± 0.69	.373	0.12 ± 0.043
	Control	1.65 ± 0.65	2.29 ± 1.69	.034	0.62 ± 0.041
	p‐Value***	0.77	0.61	–	0.032

Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation.

Abbreviations: hs‐CRP, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein; TNF‐α, tumor necrosis factor alpha.

^* p‐Values were obtained from paired‐sample t test.

^**Values were obtained from ANCOVA test with energy intake and physical activity as covariates.

^*** p‐Values were obtained from the independent‐sample t test.