Table 8.
Properties of peanut protein nanoparticles with variations in pH and the amount of Ca2+ ions. Reprinted with permission from ref. [130]. Copyright 2020 Elsevier.
| Parameter | pH | CaCl2 Concentration | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 mM | 1 mM | 2.5 mM | 3.5 mM | 5 mM | 7.5 mM | 10 mM | ||
| Z-ave (nm) | 7 | 134.1 ± 0.5 b | 125.5 ± 0.9 a | 173.1 ± 1.8 c | 429.2 ± 17.8 d | 5470.7 ± 1032.1 e,f | 4474.0 ± 400.0 e | 5870.7 ± 355.6 f |
| 8 | 142.4 ± 0.4 b | 138.3 ± 1.2 a | 157.9 ± 1.9 c | 191.2 ± 4.2 d | 455.5 ± 8.6 e | 6414.0 ± 809.8 f | 5873.3 ± 771.5 f | |
| 9 | 143.0 ± 0.3 a | 146.2 ± 1.5 b | 176.6 ± 2.5 c | 202.3 ± 6.6 d | 194.8 ± 1.5 d | 247.2 ± 1.3 e | 799.2 ± 36.4 f | |
| Turbidity | 7 | 0.432 ± 0.015 a | 0.494 ± 0.009 b | 1.215 ± 0.021 c | 3.072 ± 0.045 d | 3.298 ± 0.035 e | 3.307 ± 0.043 e | 3.303 ± 0.055 e |
| 8 | 0.416 ± 0.021 a | 0.478 ± 0.014 b | 0.802 ± 0.017 c | 1.268 ± 0.023 d | 2.790 ± 0.037 e | 3.232 ± 0.030 f | 3.260 ± 0.042 f | |
| 9 | 0.408 ± 0.012 a | 0.428 ± 0.011 a | 0.615 ± 0.010 b | 0.921 ± 0.010 d | 0.892 ± 0.015 c | 1.861 ± 0.022 e | 3.065 ± 0.037 f | |
| PDI | 7 | 0.245 ± 0.004 a | 0.265 ± 0.002 b | 0.257 ± 0.004 b | 0.573 ± 0.094 c | 0.421 ± 0.183 c | 0.422 ± 0.066 c | 0.458 ± 0.070 c |
| 8 | 0.259 ± 0.011 a | 0.250 ± 0.010 a | 0.363 ± 0.015 b | 0.372 ± 0.037 b | 0.410 ± 0.092 b | 0.633 ± 0.075 c | 0.597 ± 0.036 c | |
| 9 | 0.245 ± 0.008 a | 0.260 ± 0.005 a | 0.309 ± 0.034 b | 0.474 ± 0.058 c | 0.423 ± 0.007 c | 0.442 ± 0.008 c | 0.997 ± 0.006 d | |
| Zeta-potential (mV) | 7 | −21.90 ± 2.15 f | −16.70 ± 1.78 e | −13.90 ± 0.75 d | −11.40 ± 0.80 c | −8.39 ± 0.41 b | −4.98 ± 0.54 a | −4.64 ± 0.45 a |
| 8 | −26.27 ± 1.40 e | −23.90 ± 1.15 d | −21.10 ± 1.97 d | −16.67 ± 1.36 c | −14.53 ± 1.36 c | −10.54 ± 0.55 b | −8.52 ± 0.83 a | |
| 9 | −29.17 ± 2.20 e | −25.77 ± 1.31 e | −19.63 ± 1.68 d | −15.87 ± 1.00 c | −13.17 ± 1.31 c | −10.69 ± 0.97 b | −7.72 ± 0.85 a | |
Data points with same superscript alphabets are not statistically significant.