Table 5. Percentage of the Observed Association of Neighborhood Built Environment Scoresa With CES-D Slopeb Mediated by Physical Activity, Participants (N = 1,006)c Bogalusa Heart Study, 1998–2013.
| Built Environment | CES-D Slope Differenceb, Percentage Mediation (95% CI) by Physical Activity |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Buffer Around Residence Unit | |||||
| 0.00 mi | 0.25 mi | 0.50 mi | 1.00 mi | 1.50 mi | |
| Overall | −5.92 (−20.12 to 4.33) | 16.4 (−167.44 to 211.48) | −1.44 (8.23 to −12.09) | −0.06 (2.71 to −2.87) | 0.23 (2.21 to −1.60) |
| Path | 1.55 (7.87 to −3.70) | −0.51 (4.48 to −5.87) | 0.50 (6.32 to −4.98) | 0.40 (3.16 to −2.09) | 0.35 (2.06 to −1.13) |
| Pedestrian safety | −0.84 (7.40 to −9.65) | 0.40 (3.71 to −2.62) | 0.24 (2.32 to −1.67) | 0.35 (1.92 to −0.98) | 0.55 (2.17 to −0.70) |
| Aesthetics | −2.83 (−6.59 to −0.29) | -0.31 (−1.83 to 1.01) | −0.13 (−1.38 to 1.04) | −0.15 (−1.53 to 1.12) | −0.18 (−1.59 to 1.10) |
| Destinationsd | 1.72 (−8.11 to 12.72) | 0.79 (−5.58 to 7.70) | 5.94 (−17.02 to 32.96) | −2.47 (10.41 to −17.04) | −0.92 (3.16 to −5.63) |
| Physical security | 1.07 (−0.12 to 2.97) | −3.20 (−14.77 to 6.20) | −2.03 (−7.17 to 1.75) | −2.19 (−9.18 to 3.31) | −0.96 (−7.01 to 4.43) |
| Land use | 2.48 (−0.66 to 7.21) | 2.27 (−0.05 to 5.89) | 2.29 (0.06 to 5.76) | 1.83 (−0.05 to 4.78) | 1.65 (−0.25 to 4.60) |
Abbreviation: CES-D, Centers for Epidemiological Studies–Depression.
Built environment scores summarize features of street segments assessed with the Rural Active Living Assessment street segment audit tool, overall and within domains of features, with higher numeric scores indicating the presence of more features thought to promote physical activity. Associations represent the percentage of the slope difference for a 1-point increase in the specified built environment score that is mediated by physical activity. Scores have the following ranges: overall (2–29), path (0–9), pedestrian safety (0–10), aesthetics (0–6), destinations (0–11), physical security (0–6), and land use (05).
CES-D slope was expressed as the rate of change in depressive symptom severity per 10 years of follow-up (depressive symptom severity was assessed as a continuous CES-D score that can range from 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating more severe depressive symptoms).
Longitudinal sample; includes only those study subjects with 2 or more observations.
Includes commercial and civic facilities.